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Salbutamol Sulfate (AH-3365; AH3365; trade name Ventolin among others) is a potent, selective and short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist with the potential to relax airway smooth muscles. It activates the β2-adrenergic receptor with an EC50 of 8.93 µM. Salbutamol is used to treat both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, and asthma. It has higher specificity for pulmonary beta receptors compared to beta1-adrenergic receptors found in the heart because it is 29 times more selective for beta2 receptors than beta1 receptors.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C13H23NO7S | |
| Molecular Weight | 337.39 | |
| Exact Mass | 576.271 | |
| Elemental Analysis | C, 46.28; H, 6.87; N, 4.15; O, 33.19; S, 9.50 | |
| CAS # | 51022-70-9 | |
| Related CAS # | Salbutamol; 18559-94-9 | |
| PubChem CID | 39859 | |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder | |
| Boiling Point | 419.2ºC at 760 mmHg | |
| Melting Point | 180 °C | |
| Flash Point | 250 °C | |
| LogP | 2.124 | |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 10 | |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 12 | |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 10 | |
| Heavy Atom Count | 39 | |
| Complexity | 309 | |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 | |
| SMILES | S(=O)(=O)(O[H])O[H].O([H])C([H])(C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C(C([H])([H])O[H])C=1[H])O[H])C([H])([H])N([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H].O([H])C([H])(C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C(C([H])([H])O[H])C=1[H])O[H])C([H])([H])N([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] |
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| InChi Key | OVICLFZZVQVVFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C13H21NO3.H2O4S/c1-13(2,3)14-7-12(17)9-4-5-11(16)10(6-9)8-15;1-5(2,3)4/h4-6,12,14-17H,7-8H2,1-3H3;(H2,1,2,3,4) | |
| Chemical Name | 4-[2-(tert-Butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol sulfuric acid salt | |
| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 | |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
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| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | β2-adrenergic receptor ( IC50 = 8930 nM ) |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation Although no published data exist on the use of albuterol by mouth or inhaler during lactation, data from the related drug, terbutaline, indicate that very little is expected to be excreted into breastmilk. The authors of several reviews and expert guidelines agree that use of inhaled bronchodilators is acceptable during breastfeeding because of the low bioavailability and maternal serum levels after use. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. |
| References |
[1]. Prior, C., M.B. Leonard, and J.R. McCullough, Effects of the enantiomers of R,S-salbutamol on incompletely fused tetanic contractions of slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscles of the guinea-pig. Br J Pharmacol, 1998. 123(3): p. 558-64. [2]. Effects of short-term oral salbutamol administration on exercise endurance and metabolism. J Appl Physiol (1985), 2000. 89(2): p. 430-6. [3]. Salbutamol, a beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, increases skeletal muscle strength in young men. Clin Sci (Lond), 1992. 83(5): p. 615-21. |
| Additional Infomation |
Albuterol sulfate is an ethanolamine sulfate salt. It is functionally related to an albuterol. Albuterol Sulfate is the sulfate salt of the short-acting sympathomimetic agent albuterol, a 1:1 racemic mixture of (R)-albuterol and (S)-albuterol with bronchodilator activity. Albuterol stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lungs, thereby activating the enzyme adenylate cyclase that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic-3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Increased cAMP concentrations relax bronchial smooth muscle, relieve bronchospasms, and reduce inflammatory cell mediator release, especially from mast cells. To a lesser extent albuterol stimulates beta1-adrenergic receptors, thereby increasing the force and rate of myocardial contraction. A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol. See also: Albuterol (broader); Albuterol sulfate; ipratropium bromide (component of); Albuterol sulfate; budesonide (component of). |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (347.05 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9639 mL | 14.8196 mL | 29.6393 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5928 mL | 2.9639 mL | 5.9279 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2964 mL | 1.4820 mL | 2.9639 mL |