Rolapitant HCl (SCH619734; SCH-619734; SCH 619734; Varubi), the hydrochloride salt of Rolapitant, is a CNS penetreable and orally bioavailable antagonist of neurokinin (NK1) receptor (Ki = 0.66 nM) that was approved in 2015 to prevent delayed nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. It functions by obstructing the brain's signals that trigger nausea and vomiting. In both human and animal models, NK1 receptor antagonists have been demonstrated to have a wide range of physiological and possibly therapeutic effects. Animal models of emesis exhibit behavioral effects when exposed to rolapitant.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C25H27CLF6N2O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 536.94 |
| Exact Mass | 554.177 |
| Elemental Analysis | C, 55.92; H, 5.07; Cl, 6.60; F, 21.23; N, 5.22; O, 5.96 |
| CAS # | 914462-92-3 |
| Related CAS # | Rolapitant; 552292-08-7; Rolapitant hydrochloride; 858102-79-1 |
| PubChem CID | 16203739 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| LogP | 7.071 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 4 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 10 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 5 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 37 |
| Complexity | 731 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 3 |
| SMILES | C([C@@]1(NC[C@@]2(CCC(=O)N2)CC1)C1C=CC=CC=1)O[C@@H](C1C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=1)C.Cl.O |
| InChi Key | VEWAWEMXVUFANV-PVBCUUEWSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C25H26F6N2O2.ClH/c1-16(17-11-19(24(26,27)28)13-20(12-17)25(29,30)31)35-15-23(18-5-3-2-4-6-18)10-9-22(14-32-23)8-7-21(34)33-22;/h2-6,11-13,16,32H,7-10,14-15H2,1H3 |
| Chemical Name | (5S,8S)-8-(((R)-1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)methyl)-8-phenyl-1,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one hydrochloride |
| Synonyms | Rolapitant HCl; SCH619734; Rolapitant hydrochloride; SCH-619734; SCH 619734; trade name: Varubi |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | human NK1 ( Ki = 0.66 ); gerbil NK1 ( Ki = 0.13 ); guinea pig NK1 ( Ki = 0.72 ); monkey NK1 ( Ki = 2.5 ); rabbit NK1 ( Ki = 31.7 ); rat NK1 ( Ki = 78.6 ); mouse NK1 ( Ki = 60.4 ) |
| ln Vitro |
Rolapitant has high selectivity over the human NK2 and NK3 subtypes of more than 1000-fold, as well as preferential affinity for human, guinea pig, gerbil and monkey NK1 receptors over rat, mouse and rabbit[1]. 1–1000 nM) inhibits the GR-73632 (an NK1 receptor agonist)–induced calcium efflux in a concentration-dependent and competitive manner in CHO cells expressing the human NK1 receptor[1]. |
| ln Vivo |
Rolapitant (0.03-1 mg/kg for PO, 0.3-1 mg/kg for IV; single dosage) areduces the foot-tapping response induced by GR-73632 in Mongolian Gerbils[1]. Rolapitant (0.03–1 mg/kg; PO; single dosage; monitored for 72 hours) prevents acute emesis brought on by cisplatin and apomorphine in ferrets[1]. |
| Animal Protocol |
Female Mongolian Gerbils (30-60 g; anesthetized by inhalation of an oxygen:isofluorane mixture after 4 h PO or immediately after IV, then injected with 5 μl of 3 pmol solution of GR-73632 via ICV) 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg for PO, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg for IV PO or IV, single dosage |
| References |
[1]. Rolapitant (SCH 619734): a potent, selective and orally active neurokininNK1 receptor antagonist with centrally-mediated antiemetic effects inferrets. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2012 Jul;102(1):95-100. [2]. Study of rolapitant, a novel, long-acting, NK-1 receptor antagonist, for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) due to highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Support Care Cancer. 2015 Nov;23(11):3281-8. |
| Additional Infomation |
Rolapitant hydrochloride hydrate is a hydrate that is the monohydrate form of rolapitant hydrochloride. Used for the prevention of delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. It has a role as an antiemetic and a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist. It contains a rolapitant hydrochloride (anhydrous). Rolapitant Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of rolapitant, an orally bioavailable, centrally-acting, selective, neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor) antagonist with potential antiemetic activity. Upon oral administration, rolapitant competitively binds to and blocks the activity of the NK1-receptor in the central nervous system, thereby inhibiting the binding of the endogenous ligand, substance P (SP). This may prevent both SP-induced emesis and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The interaction of SP with the NK1-receptor plays a key role in the induction of nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Compared to other NK1-receptor antagonists, rolapitant has both a more rapid onset of action and a much longer half-life. See also: Rolapitant (has active moiety). |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8624 mL | 9.3120 mL | 18.6241 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3725 mL | 1.8624 mL | 3.7248 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1862 mL | 0.9312 mL | 1.8624 mL |