Tetrahydrozoline HCl (Tetryzoline; Tyzanol; Tyzine; Vasopos; Visine) is the hydrochloride salt of terazosin, which is an imidazoline-based alpha adrenergic receptor agonist with antihypertensive activity. It is an over-the-counter medication that comes in nasal spray and eye drop form.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C13H17CLN2
Molecular Weight	236.74
Exact Mass	236.108
Elemental Analysis	C, 65.95; H, 7.24; Cl, 14.97; N, 11.83
CAS #	522-48-5
Related CAS #	Tetrahydrozoline; 84-22-0; Tetrahydrozoline-d4 hydrochloride; 1246814-66-3
PubChem CID	10648
Appearance	Solid powder
Boiling Point	393.5ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	197 °C
Flash Point	191.8ºC
LogP	2.674
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	1
Rotatable Bond Count	1
Heavy Atom Count	16
Complexity	259
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	Cl[H].N1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N=C1C1([H])C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H]
InChi Key	BJORNXNYWNIWEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C13H16N2.ClH/c1-2-6-11-10(4-1)5-3-7-12(11)13-14-8-9-15-13;/h1-2,4,6,12H,3,5,7-9H2,(H,14,15);1H
Chemical Name	2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole;hydrochloride
Synonyms	Tetryzoline; Tyzanol; Tyzine; Vasopos; Visine; Tetrahydrozoline HCl; Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	α-adrenergic
ln Vitro	In vitro activity: Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride (0.05% HCl-tetrahydrozoline diluted with DMEM to 1:20 concentration; 24 hours) stimulates primary human gingival fibroblasts to synthesize types I and III of collagen[3].
ln Vivo	Tetrahydrozoline HCl prevents Barnacle Balanus improvisus from settlin at 1μM.
Animal Protocol
References	[1]. Anterior and posterior segment vasculopathy associated with long-term use of tetrahydrozoline. CMAJ. 2018 Oct 9;190(40):E1208. [2]. Determination of tetrahydrozoline in urine and blood using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods Mol Biol. 2010;603:501-8. [3]. In vitro effects of vasoconstrictive retraction agents on primary human gingival fibroblasts. Exp Ther Med. 2020 Mar; 19(3): 2037-2044.
Additional Infomation	Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of tetryzoline. It is used as a nasal decongestant. It has a role as a sympathomimetic agent, a vasoconstrictor agent and a nasal decongestant. It contains a tetryzoline(1+). Tetrahydrozoline Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of tetrahydrozoline, an imidazole derivative with sympathomimetic property. Applied locally to the eye or nose, tetrahydrozoline binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors, resulting in vasoconstriction and decreased nasal and ophthalmic congestion. See also: Tetrahydrozoline (has active moiety) ... View More ...

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 12~16.7 mg/mL (50.7~70.4 mM) Water: ~47 mg/mL (~198.5 mM) Ethanol: ~26 mg/mL (~109.8 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (7.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 16.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (7.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 16.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (7.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 16.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (422.40 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.2240 mL	21.1202 mL	42.2404 mL
	5 mM	0.8448 mL	4.2240 mL	8.4481 mL
	10 mM	0.4224 mL	2.1120 mL	4.2240 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.