Poly (I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) sodium is an equal-proportion complex of Poly (I:C) and Kanamycin. Poly(I:C) sodium is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of TLR3 and retinoic acid-inducible gene I receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Poly(I:C) sodium could be utilized as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses and cause apoptosis in cancer cells. Kanamycin is an orally bioactive antibacterial agent (Gram-negative (Gram+)/positive bacteria) that can inhibit translocation and causes miscoding via binding to the 70 S ribosomal subunit. Kanamycin displays good inhibitory effect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (susceptible and drug-resistant) and Klebsiella pneumoniae and may be utilized in research on tuberculosis and pneumonia.

Physicochemical Properties

Related CAS #	Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium;42424-50-0
Appearance	Solid powder
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	TLR3[2], RIG-I[2], MDA5[2], apoptosis[2]
ln Vitro	Poly(I:C) sodium (20 ng/mL; 24 hours; WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9, and 1205Lu cells) treatment dramatically decreased cell viability over the course of the treatment, going from 100% of control to 20%. 50% of the total[1]. Treatment of 1205Lu cells with 200 ng/mL of poly(I:C) sodium for 24 hours causes apoptosis in these cells[1]. Melanoma cells treated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (3 ng/mL; 24 hours; 1205Lu cells) express IFN-β. The activation of IFN-β by Poly(I:C) sodium needs IPS-1 as well as RIG-I and MDA-5, respectively, as demonstrated by the silencing of these two proteins [1]. In melanoma cells, treatment with Poly(I:C) sodium (5 ng/mL) for 24 hours revealed the presence of caspase-9 and caspase-8 active subunits [1]. Good antibacterial action against a range of mycobacterial strains is demonstrated in vitro by kanamycin (0.1-100 μg/mL; 2 weeks) (MIC=1-5 μg/mL) [3].
ln Vivo	In NOD/SCID immunodeficient mice injected with 1205Lu cells, poly (I:C) sodium suppresses the formation of tumors. Human DNA levels were 50% lower in mice given Poly (I:C) sodium treatment[1]. Mycobacterium bovis development in the lungs and spleens of mice is inhibited by kanamycin (2, 4 mg/kg; subcutaneous injection; once daily, six times weekly for 3 weeks) [3]. The growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae DT-S in the lungs, trachea, and blood of mice is inhibited in a dose-proportional manner by kanamycin (1.25, 5 mg/kg; subcutaneous injection; single injection 3 hours after infection). Furthermore, it raises the survival rate of mice [4].
References	[1]. Systemic challenge with the TLR3 agonist poly I:C induces amplified IFNalpha/beta and IL-1beta responses in the diseased brain and exacerbates chronic neurodegeneration. Brain Behav Immun. 2010 Aug;24(6):996-1007. [2]. Proapoptotic signaling induced by RIG-I and MDA-5 results in type I interferon-independent apoptosis in human melanoma cells. J Clin Invest. 2009 Aug;119(8):2399-411. [3]. Anticancer function of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. Cancer Biol Ther. 2010 Dec 15;10(12):1219-23.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O :~50 mg/mL DMSO :< 1 mg/mL

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)