Ebastine (formerly LAS-W 090; RP-64305; LAS W090; RP64305; Ebast, Ebatin, Ebatrol, Atmos, Ebet, Kestine, KestineLIO) is a long-acting and selective H1-histamine receptor antagonist used for the treatment of allergic conditions. Ebastine has low potential for causing drowsiness. It has a low likelihood of producing CNS side effects because it does not cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB).

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C32H39NO2
Molecular Weight	469.66
Exact Mass	469.298
Elemental Analysis	C, 81.83; H, 8.37; N, 2.98; O, 6.81
CAS #	90729-43-4
Related CAS #	Ebastine-d5; 1216953-13-7
PubChem CID	3191
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	596.3±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	80-82°C
Flash Point	314.5±30.1 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.590
LogP	7.79
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	10
Heavy Atom Count	35
Complexity	594
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O=C(CCCN1CCC(OC(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)CC1)C1C=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=1
InChi Key	MJJALKDDGIKVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C32H39NO2/c1-32(2,3)28-18-16-25(17-19-28)30(34)15-10-22-33-23-20-29(21-24-33)35-31(26-11-6-4-7-12-26)27-13-8-5-9-14-27/h4-9,11-14,16-19,29,31H,10,15,20-24H2,1-3H3
Chemical Name	4-(4-benzhydryloxypiperidin-1-yl)-1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)butan-1-one
Synonyms	LAS-W 090; RP-64305; LAS W 090; RP 64305; LAS-W-090; RP64305; Ebast; Ebatin; Ebatin Fast; Ebatrol; Atmos; Ebet; Ebastel FLAS; Kestine; KestineLIO
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	Histamine H1 receptor
ln Vitro	In vitro activity: Ebastine (10-500 ng/mL; 24-48 hours) treatment dramatically boosts HFDPC proliferation[2]. Ebastine (10-500 ng/mL; 24-48 hours) treatment results in dose-dependent increases in the expression levels of Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, and Cyclin A. Additionally, there is an increase in the expression levels of Cdk4, Cdk2, and Cdc2. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (phospho-AKT) and phospho-p44/42 are both expressed at higher levels when treated with ebastine[2].
ln Vivo	The plasma level of radioactivity in rats decreased biphasically with α-phase half-life (t1/2 α) of 1.6 h and β-phase half-life (t1/2 β) of 3.1 h following intravenous administration of [14C]Ebastine at a dose of 2 mg/kg[3]. The plasma level decreased monophasically with a t1/2 of 3.9 hours after the oral administration of 2 mg/kg of [14C]Ebastine, which caused it to reach its maximum (Cmax) of 102 ng eq/ml at 2 hours. A monophasic decrease is also noted at 20 mg/kg, with a t1/2 of 4.0 h and a Cmax of 1110 ng eq./ml at 4 h[3].
Cell Assay	Cell Line: Human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) Concentration: 10 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 500 ng/mL Incubation Time: 24 hours, 48 hours Result: The proliferative activity in cells was significantly enhanced.
Animal Protocol	10 mg orally N/A
ADME/Pharmacokinetics	Metabolism / Metabolites Ebastine has known human metabolites that include 4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxobutanal and Deslakylebastine.
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics	Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation Ebastine is a nonsedating antihistamine that is not available in the United States, but is available in other countries. Preliminary evidence indicates that the amounts in milk are unlikely to affect a breastfed infant. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants A woman with chronic urticaria was taking ebastine 10 mg daily during pregnancy and postpartum. Her infant was exclusively breastfed until the age of 6 months. He showed normal development at 1 and 3 months of age. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk Antihistamines in relatively high doses given by injection can decrease basal serum prolactin in nonlactating women and in early postpartum women. However, suckling-induced prolactin secretion is not affected by antihistamine pretreatment of postpartum mothers. Whether lower oral doses of antihistamines or ebastine have the same effect on serum prolactin or whether the effects on prolactin have any consequences on breastfeeding success have not been studied. The prolactin level in a mother with established lactation may not affect her ability to breastfeed.
References	[1]. Ebastine in allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticarial. Allergy. 2008 Dec;63 Suppl 89:1-20. [2]. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Mediates Ebastine-Induced Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation. Biomed Res Int. 2019 Feb 11;2019:6360503. [3]. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of [14C]ebastine after a single administration in rats. Arzneimittelforschung. 1994 Apr;44(4):527-38.
Additional Infomation	Ebastine is an organic molecular entity. Ebastine is under investigation for the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Ebastine has been investigated for the treatment of Urticaria.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 4~93 mg/mL warmed (8.5~198.0 mM) Water: <1 mg/mL Ethanol: ~11 mg/mL (~23.4 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.1292 mL	10.6460 mL	21.2920 mL
	5 mM	0.4258 mL	2.1292 mL	4.2584 mL
	10 mM	0.2129 mL	1.0646 mL	2.1292 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.