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Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C20H24N10NAO14P2 |
| Related CAS # | Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium;609343-82-0;Cyclic-di-GMP disodium;2222132-40-1;Cyclic-di-GMP;61093-23-0 |
| Appearance | Typically exists as solid at room temperature |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | STING[1][2][3][4]. |
| ln Vitro | Cyclic-di-GMP sodium(0.5-50 µM; 5 days) prevents the growth of colon cancer cells in humans[1]. In Jurkat cells, cyclic-di-GMP sodium (0.5-50 µM; 5 days) selectively increases CD4 expression[2]. In Jurkat cells, cyclic-di-GMP sodium (0.5-50 µM; 5 days) causes cell cycle arrest at the S-phase[2]. |
| ln Vivo | The administration of two consecutive vaccinations spaced nine days apart with cyclic-di-GMP sodium (100 µg/per) improves the immune responses TriVax elicits in mice against melanoma and amplifies its anti-tumor effects[3]. |
| Cell Assay |
Cell Proliferation Assay[1] Cell Types: H508 cells Tested Concentrations: 0.5-50 µM Incubation Duration: 5 days Experimental Results: decreased basal H508 cell proliferation by approx 15%, even inhibited acetylcholine- and EGF-induced cell proliferation. Cell Viability Assay[2] Cell Types: Jurkat cells Tested Concentrations: 50 µM Incubation Duration: 24 h Experimental Results: Specifically induced of CD4(no effect on the expression of CD8), with a 6.3-fold upregulation over control and in a dose-dependent manner. Cell Cycle Analysis[2] Cell Types: Jurkat cells Tested Concentrations: 50 µM Incubation Duration: 24 h Experimental Results: Increased the percentage of cells in S-phase by 79%, with almost complete disappearance of G2/M-phase cells which diminished by 93%. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: C57BL/ 6 (B6) mice (8- to 10weeks old)[3]. Doses: 100 µg/per Route of Administration: intravenous (iv) injection; two sequential vaccinations 9 days apart; combine with TriVax. Experimental Results: Dramatically higher numbers of antigen-specific CD8 T cells when combined with TriVax. (TriVax consisted of a mixture of 120 μg Pam-hgp100, 100 μg hgp100 or 100 μg Ova, 50 or 25 μg anti-CD40 antibody, and 25 μg Poly-IC). Enhanced the anti- tumor activity of TriVax. |
| References |
[1]. 3',5'-Cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) inhibits basal and growth factor-stimulated human colon cancer cell proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Apr 1;329(1):40-5. [2]. Elevated expression of the CD4 receptor and cell cycle arrest are induced in Jurkat cells by treatment with the novel cyclic dinucleotide 3',5'-cyclic diguanylic acid. FEBS Lett. 1999 Feb 5;444(1):125-9. [3]. STING activator c-di-GMP enhances the anti-tumor effects of peptide vaccines in melanoma-bearing mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2015 Aug;64(8):1057-66. [4]. Cyclic di-GMP: second messenger extraordinaire. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2017 May;15(5):271-284. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |