Cetaben is a PPARα-independent peroxisome proliferator. Cetaben is a non-fibrotic hypolipidemic agent that effectively reduces cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C23H39NO2
Molecular Weight	361.56126
Exact Mass	361.298
CAS #	55986-43-1
Related CAS #	55986-43-1;64059-66-1 (Na+);
PubChem CID	47263
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.0±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	503.4±33.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	258.3±25.4 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.4 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.521
LogP	9.68
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	17
Heavy Atom Count	26
Complexity	324
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	QXWKHSSBFQDQPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C23H39NO2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-20-24-22-18-16-21(17-19-22)23(25)26/h16-19,24H,2-15,20H2,1H3,(H,25,26)
Chemical Name	4-(hexadecylamino)benzoic acid
Synonyms	Cetaben
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	HepG2 and MH1C1 cells undergo substantial micromorphological and ultrastructural alterations when exposed to cetaben (10 µM) for a whole day. Following exposure to 100 µM cetaben, cells have several Golgi regions, the majority of which break down into vesicles [2]. Significant variety in the peroxisomal population is observed in cells treated with Cetaben (10 µM; 24 hours); dumbbell- and cup-shaped peroxisomal features develop in MH1C1 cells [2].
ln Vivo	During the course of ten days, Cetaben, at dosages ranging from 50 to 100 mg/kg body weight, significantly increased the activity of peroxisomal enzymes in the liver and kidneys; however, the highest effect was noted at a dose of 250 mg/kg [1].
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: Male Wistar rat[1] Doses: 10, 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg Route of Administration: gavage; 10-day Experimental Results: At doses of 50-100 mg/kg body weight, 10 The activity of peroxisomal enzymes in the liver and kidneys increased Dramatically after days, but the maximum effect was observed at the 250 mg/kg dose.
References	[1]. Cetaben and fibrates both influence the activities of peroxisomal enzymes in different ways. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Feb 9;47(3):515-9. [2]. Cetaben-induced changes on the morphology and peroxisomal enzymes in MH1C1 rat hepatomacells and HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells. Histochem Cell Biol. 2001 Jun;115(6):509-19.
Additional Infomation	Cetaben is a unique, PPARalpha-independent peroxisome proliferator with hypolipidemic activity. Cetaben decreases serum cholesterol levels by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~69.14 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (6.91 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.91 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.7658 mL	13.8290 mL	27.6579 mL
	5 mM	0.5532 mL	2.7658 mL	5.5316 mL
	10 mM	0.2766 mL	1.3829 mL	2.7658 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.