Brain Natriuretic Peptide (1-32), rat acetate (BNP (1-32), rat acetate) is a polypeptide containing 32 amino acid (AA)s. It could be utilized as a biochemical marker of morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C148H243N47O46S3
Molecular Weight	3512.99
Related CAS #	Brain Natriuretic Peptide (1-32), rat;133448-20-1
Appearance	Solid powder
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) lowers blood pressure and ventricular fibrosis to counteract cardiac stress. An amino-truncated version of the 45-residue native rat form of BNP is known as rat BNP BNP(1-32) (rBNP(1-32)) [1]. The brain contains three natriuretic peptides that help regulate bodily fluid homeostasis: atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). These peptides are concentrated in the anterior belly of the third ventricle area. In the mammalian brain, ANP(1-28), BNP(1-32), and CNP(1-32) control salt and water balance through their respective receptors, NPR-A and NPR-B [2].
ln Vivo	to evaluate the effects of cyclic GMP, natriuretic agents, and antihypertensive drugs on various brain natriuretic peptides (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP). Rat BNP (1-32) 3 nmol/kg iv significantly increased the natriuretic and circulatory GMP responses in awake SHR compared to rat ANP 99-126 and pig BNP-26. It also increased the SQ 28,603 by 100 μmol/kg iv. When SHR was administered a vehicle or SQ 28,603, human BNP-32 was inactive. On the other hand, 3 nmol/kg iv rat BNP (1 -32) lowers mean arterial pressure without compromising renal function, while stimulation of the kidneys of conscious monkeys with 1 nmol/kg iv human BNP (1-32) produced depressed reactions greater than or equal to those elicited by human ANP 99-126 [3].
References	[1]. Human B-type natriuretic peptide is not degraded by meprin A. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Oct 1;80(7):1007-11. [2]. Natriuretic peptides, but not nitric oxide donors, elevate levels of cytosolic guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in ependymal cells ex vivo. Neurosci Lett. 2006 Jan 16;392(3):187-92. [3]. Potentiation of brain natriuretic peptides by SQ 28,603, an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase3.4.24.11, in monkeys and rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992 Jul;262(1):60-70.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	0.2847 mL	1.4233 mL	2.8466 mL
	5 mM	0.0569 mL	0.2847 mL	0.5693 mL
	10 mM	0.0285 mL	0.1423 mL	0.2847 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.