 (Lom-AKH-II) Chemical Structure.png)
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C43H57N11O11 |
| Exact Mass | 903.424 |
| CAS # | 98968-94-6 |
| PubChem CID | 10234758 |
| Appearance | Typically exists as solid at room temperature |
| LogP | 1.141 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 12 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 11 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 24 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 65 |
| Complexity | 1740 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| SMILES | O=C([C@@H]1CCC(N1)=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](C)C(NCC(N[C@H](C(N)=O)CC1=CNC2C=CC=CC1=2)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC1C=CC=CC=1)=O)CC(N)=O)=O)CC(C)C |
| InChi Key | KMVRKMSUXFKTDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C43H57N11O11/c1-22(2)15-30(51-39(61)28-13-14-35(57)49-28)40(62)53-32(18-34(44)56)42(64)52-31(16-24-9-5-4-6-10-24)41(63)54-33(21-55)43(65)48-23(3)38(60)47-20-36(58)50-29(37(45)59)17-25-19-46-27-12-8-7-11-26(25)27/h4-12,19,22-23,28-33,46,55H,13-18,20-21H2,1-3H3,(H2,44,56)(H2,45,59)(H,47,60)(H,48,65)(H,49,57)(H,50,58)(H,51,61)(H,52,64)(H,53,62)(H,54,63) |
| Chemical Name | N-[1-[[1-[[1-[[2-[[1-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]-2-[[4-methyl-2-[(5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)amino]pentanoyl]amino]butanediamide |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | Lack of separate carrying or carrier protein in the hemolymph is shown by the lack of association between Adipokinetic hormone II (Locusta migratoria) (radiolabeled; 1 pmol in 10 μL of 10% methanol; 30 min on ice, then repeated for 2 h at 30 °C) and one of the bigger protein components[1]. It is well known that adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) have a role in insect immunity. They demonstrate the metabolic stimulation mechanism, which causes a notable rise in carbon dioxide generation and an improvement in the potency of poisons produced by insects. fumosorosea within the body of the cockroach[2]. Hormone I is less successful than adipokinetic hormone II in causing cAMP to accumulate in the adipose tissue[4]. |
| ln Vivo | Playing its own biological role, Adipokinetic hormone II (Locusta migratoria) is injected at a dose of 1 pmol in 10 μL of 10% methanol. has a distinct half-life of 40 minutes during rest and 37 minutes during flight, respectively, playing a part in the overall syndrome of insect flying[1]. |
| References |
[1]. Locust adipokinetic hormones: carrier-independent transport and differential inactivation at physiological concentrations during rest and flight. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Aug 6;93(16):8654-9. [2]. Adipokinetic hormone promotes infection with entomopathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea in the cockroach Periplaneta americana. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2020 Mar;229:108677. [3]. Stimulation of glycogenolysis by three locust adipokinetic hormones involves Gs and cAMP. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1995 Feb;107(2):165-71. [4]. The relative potencies of two known locust adipokinetic hormones. 1986;32(1):95-101. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |