4'-Hydroxydiclofenac is an active CYP2C9-mediated metabolite of diclofenac which is potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and a Cox-2 inhibitor. 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac has exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C14H11CL2NO3
Molecular Weight	312.15
Exact Mass	311.011
CAS #	64118-84-9
Related CAS #	4'-Hydroxy diclofenac-d4;254762-27-1;4'-Hydroxy diclofenac-13C6;1189656-64-1
PubChem CID	116545
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	432.7±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	178-185ºC dec.
Flash Point	215.5±28.7 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.690
LogP	4.56
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	20
Complexity	330
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	C1=CC=C(C(=C1)CC(=O)O)NC2=C(C=C(C=C2Cl)O)Cl
InChi Key	KGVXVPRLBMWZLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C14H11Cl2NO3/c15-10-6-9(18)7-11(16)14(10)17-12-4-2-1-3-8(12)5-13(19)20/h1-4,6-7,17-18H,5H2,(H,19,20)
Chemical Name	2-[2-(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyanilino)phenyl]acetic acid
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.(2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vivo	The half-life (t1/2) of the unmodified medication in humanized mice administered a single dose was 2.4 hours, declining after it peaked at 0.25 hours. Additionally, 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac peaked in 0.25 hours and remained undetectable for a whole day. Concentrations of unaltered 4'-hydroxydiclofenac peaked at 0.25 hours and rapidly dropped in humanized chimeric mice given 10 mg/kg; single lateral dosage [2].
ADME/Pharmacokinetics	Metabolism / Metabolites 4'-hydroxydiclofenac has known human metabolites that include (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[4-[2-(carboxymethyl)anilino]-3,5-dichlorophenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid and 2-[2-(2,6-dichloro-4-sulfooxyanilino)phenyl]acetic acid. 4'-hydroxydiclofenac is a known human metabolite of diclofenac.
References	[1]. Lack of Differences in Diclofenac (A Substrate for CYP2C9) Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers With Respect to the Single CYP2C9*3 Allele. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;56(1):65-8. [2]. Formation of the Accumulative Human Metabolite and Human-Specific Glutathione Conjugate of Diclofenac in TK-NOG Chimeric Mice With Humanized Livers. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Mar;43(3):309-16.
Additional Infomation	4'-hydroxydiclofenac is a monocarboxylic acid that is the 4'-hydroxylated metabolite of diclofenac. It has a role as a drug metabolite and an allergen. It is a monocarboxylic acid, a dichlorobenzene, a secondary amino compound and a member of phenols. It is functionally related to a diclofenac.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~10 mg/mL (~32.04 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	3.2036 mL	16.0179 mL	32.0359 mL
	5 mM	0.6407 mL	3.2036 mL	6.4072 mL
	10 mM	0.3204 mL	1.6018 mL	3.2036 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.