| Description | Pimonidazole hydrochloride accumulates in hypoxic cells via covalent binding with macromolecules or by forming reductive metabolites after the reduction of its nitro group. It can be used for qualitative and quantitative assessment of tumor hypoxia. Pimonidazole hydrochloride is a novel hypoxia marker for the complementary study of tumor hypoxia and cell proliferation in tumors. |
| In vitro | Pimonidazole，一种外源性缺氧标志物，是一种2-尼托罗咪唑化合物，在氧水平低于1.3%[3]的条件下，与细胞大分子形成共价键。 |
| In vivo | Pimonidazole是一种2-尼特罗咪唑，在缺氧细胞中特异性还原激活，并与蛋白质、肽类和氨基酸中的硫醇基团形成稳定的加合物。此外，检测到的pimonidazole数量与体内肿瘤的缺氧程度成直接比例。 |
| molecular weight | 290.75 |
| Molecular formula | C11H19ClN4O3 |
| CAS | 70132-51-3 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice. |
| Solubility | H2O: 30 mg/mL (103 mM), Sonification is recommended. |
| References | 1. Varia MA, et al. Pimonidazole: a novel hypoxia marker for complementary study of tumor hypoxia and cell proliferation in cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1998 Nov;71(2):270-7. 2. Masaki Y, et al. Imaging Mass Spectrometry Revealed the Accumulation Characteristics of the 2-Nitroimidazole-Based Agent "Pimonidazole" in Hypoxia. PLoS One. 2016 Aug 31;11(8):e0161639. 3. Aguilera KY, Brekken RA. Hypoxia Studies with Pimonidazole in vivo. Bio Protoc. 2014 Oct 5;4(19):e1254. 4. Chang WL, Chang YC, Lin KT, Li HR, Pai CY, Chen JH, Su YH. Asymmetric distribution of hypoxia-inducible factor α regulates dorsoventral axis establishment in the early sea urchin embryo. Development. 2017 Aug 15;144(16):2940-2950. 5. Evans SM, Kim K, Moore CE, Uddin MI, Capozzi ME, Craft JR, Sulikowski GA, Jayagopal A. Molecular probes for imaging of hypoxia in the retina. Bioconjug Chem. 2014 Nov 19;25(11):2030-7. |