| Bioactivity | Ritonavir (ABT 538) is an inhibitor of HIV protease used to treat HIV infection and AIDS. Ritonavir is also a SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.61 μM. | ||||||||||||
| Invitro | Ritonavir (ABT 538) is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 mediated testosterone 6β-hydroxylation with mean Ki of 19 nM and also inhibits tolbutamide hydroxylation with IC50 of 4.2 μM[1]. Ritonavir (ABT 538) is found to be a potent inhibitor of CYP3A-mediated biotransformations (nifedipine oxidation with IC50 of 0.07 mM, 17alpha-ethynylestradiol 2-hydroxylation with IC50 of 2 mM; terfenadine hydroxylation with IC50 of 0.14 mM). Ritonavir is also an inhibitor of the reactions mediated by CYP2D6 (IC50=2.5 mM) and CYP2C9/10 (IC50=8.0 mM)[2]. Ritonavir results in an increase in cell viability in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir markedly decreases the susceptibility of PBMCs to apoptosis correlated with lower levels of caspase-1 expression, decreases in annexin V staining, and reduces caspase-3 activity in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir inhibits induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production by PBMCs and monocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner at nontoxic concentrations[3]. Ritonavir inhibits p-glycoprotein-mediated extrusion of saquinavir with an IC50 of 0.2 μM, indicating a high affinity of ritonavir for p-glycoprotein[4]. Ritonavir inhibits human liver microsomal metabolism of ABT-378 potently with Ki of 13 nM. Ritonavir combined with ABT-378 (at 3:1 and 29:1 ratios) inhibits CYP3A (IC50=1.1 and 4.6 μM), albeit less potently than Ritonavir (IC50=0.14 μM)[5]. | ||||||||||||
| Name | Ritonavir | ||||||||||||
| CAS | 155213-67-5 | ||||||||||||
| Formula | C37H48N6O5S2 | ||||||||||||
| Molar Mass | 720.94 | ||||||||||||
| Transport | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. | ||||||||||||
| Storage |
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Ritonavir
CAS: 155213-67-5 F: C37H48N6O5S2 W: 720.94
Ritonavir (ABT 538) is an inhibitor of HIV protease used to treat HIV infection and AIDS. Ritonavir is also a SARS-CoV 3
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