| Bioactivity | Allopurinol is a potent and orally active xanthine oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.2-50 µM. Allopurinol can be used in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. Allopurinol decreases the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein. Allopurinol shows anti-depressant and anti-nociception activity. Anti-leishmanial effect[1][2][3][4][5]. | ||||||||||||
| Invitro | Allopurinol (0, 10, 100, 1000 µg/ml; 17 h) decreases the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein in HFF and HUVEC cells[5].Allopurinol (0, 10, 100, 1000 µg/ml; 24 h) reduces angiogenesis traits of HUVEC cells[5]. Western Blot Analysis[5] Cell Line: | ||||||||||||
| In Vivo | Allopurinol (39 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 21 successive days) shows anti-depressant activity in mouse[3].Allopurinol (10-400 mg/kg; i.p.) induces anti-nociception activity in mouse[4]. Animal Model: | ||||||||||||
| Name | Allopurinol | ||||||||||||
| CAS | 315-30-0 | ||||||||||||
| Formula | C5H4N4O | ||||||||||||
| Molar Mass | 136.11 | ||||||||||||
| Appearance | Solid | ||||||||||||
| Transport | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. | ||||||||||||
| Storage |
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| Reference | [1]. Pacher P, et al. Therapeutic effects of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: renaissance half a century after the discovery of allopurinol. Pharmacol Rev. 2006 Mar;58(1):87-114. [2]. Pfaller MA, et al. Antileishmanial effect of allopurinol. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974;5(5):469-472. [3]. Karve AV, et al. Evaluation of effect of allopurinol and febuxostat in behavioral model of depression in mice. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013 May-Jun;45(3):244-7. [4]. Schmidt AP, et al. Anti-nociceptive properties of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol in mice: role of A1 adenosine receptors. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Jan;156(1):163-72. [5]. Sun Y, et al. Dose-dependent effects of allopurinol on human foreskin fibroblast cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells under hypoxia. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 1;10(4):e0123649. |