Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C37H43F3O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 592.73 |
| Appearance | Typically exists as solid at room temperature |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | COX-2 cPLA2 |
| ln Vitro | VI-60 (10 μM, 24-48 h) inhibits the production of LPS-induced inflammatory mediators NO (IC50 of 3.85 μM) and PGE2 without significant cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 [1]. |
| ln Vivo | VI-60 (20 mg/kg, orally, daily or every two days) improves adjuvant-induced arthritis and has an analgesic effect in Lewis rats[1]. VI-60 (20 mg/kg, orally, daily) regulates the balance of Th17 and Tregs by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/cPLA2/COX-2/PGE2 pathway and reduces IL-17 expression[1]. VI-60 shows a lower ulcer potential in Wistar rats (50 mg/kg) and is not hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic (20 mg/kg, orally)[1]. |
| Cell Assay |
Cell Cytotoxicity Assay[1] Cell Types: RAW264.7 Tested Concentrations: 30 μΜ Incubation Duration: 24-48 h Experimental Results: Exhibite cell viability of nearly 100%, in compare to the verhicle group. Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Types: RAW264.7 Tested Concentrations: 30 μM, 2.5-10 μM Incubation Duration: 30 μM for 2 h, 2.5-10 μM for 1 h Experimental Results: Downregulated the phosphor-p38-MAPK, cPLA2 and COX2, stabilized the cPLA2 and COX2 proteins when heated. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis rats[1] Doses: 20 mg/kg Route of Administration: p.o., every 24 h or 48 h for 20 days Experimental Results: Inhibited the weight loss and the edema of paws, increased the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), decreased the spleen weights. Animal/Disease Models: Male mistar rats[1] Doses: 20 mg/kg Route of Administration: p.o., for 3 days Experimental Results: Revealed identical indexes of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) as of normal rats. |
| References |
[1].Discovery of novel NSAID hybrids as cPLA2/COX-2 dual inhibitors alleviating rheumatoid arthritis via inhibiting p38 MAPK pathway. Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Jan 24;267:116176. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | Typically soluble in DMSO (e.g. 10 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.6871 mL | 8.4355 mL | 16.8711 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3374 mL | 1.6871 mL | 3.3742 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1687 mL | 0.8436 mL | 1.6871 mL |