TFLLR-NH2 is a selective PAR1 agonist with EC50 of 1.9 μM.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C31H53N9O6
Molecular Weight	647.80922
Exact Mass	647.412
CAS #	197794-83-5
Related CAS #	TFLLR-NH2(TFA);1313730-19-6
PubChem CID	10146183
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
LogP	2.872
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	9
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	8
Rotatable Bond Count	20
Heavy Atom Count	46
Complexity	1030
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	6
SMILES	CC(C[C@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](N)[C@H](O)C)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1)=O)CC(C)C)=O)C(N[C@H](C(N)=O)CCCNC(N)=N)=O)C
InChi Key	ANAMCEKSRDPIPX-GFGQVAFXSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C31H53N9O6/c1-17(2)14-22(27(43)37-21(26(33)42)12-9-13-36-31(34)35)38-28(44)23(15-18(3)4)39-29(45)24(16-20-10-7-6-8-11-20)40-30(46)25(32)19(5)41/h6-8,10-11,17-19,21-25,41H,9,12-16,32H2,1-5H3,(H2,33,42)(H,37,43)(H,38,44)(H,39,45)(H,40,46)(H4,34,35,36)/t19-,21+,22+,23+,24+,25+/m1/s1
Chemical Name	(2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanamide
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	PAR1 agonists cause concentration-dependent increases in [Ca2+]i and neuronal ratios. The highest increase in [Ca2+]i over basal values was seen in response to 10 μ m TF-NH2 when 50–80% of the identified neurons responded (peak 196.5±20.4 nM, n=25) [1]. SW620 cells grown with TFLLR-NH2 activated platelet supernatants elevated E-cadherin expression and downregulated vimentin expression. In an in vitro platelet culture system, a dose-dependent increase in TGF-β1 released by TFLLR-NH2 was found in the supernatant [2].
ln Vivo	Rat paws were injected with TF-NH2, which caused a notable and long-lasting edema. Capsaicin and NK1R antagonist-induced sensory nerve ablation reduced edema by 44% in 1 hour and by 100% in 5 hours. TF-NH2 increased Evans blue extravasation 2- to 8-fold in the bladder, esophagus, stomach, intestine, and pancreas in wild-type mice, but not in PAR1−/− animals. Extravasation in the stomach, esophagus, and bladder can be completely eliminated by NK1R antagonists [1]. TFp-NH2 induced considerable contraction at 3-50 μM and significant relaxation at 0.3-50 μM in the absence of apamin. The concentration-response curve of TFp-NH2-induced contraction markedly moved to the left when 0.1 μM apamin inhibited TFp-NH2-induced relaxation [3].
References	[1]. Agonists of proteinase-activated receptor 1 induce plasma extravasation by a neurogenic mechanism. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Aug;133(7):975-87. [2]. Characterization of the protease-activated receptor-1-mediated contraction and relaxation in the rat duodenal smooth muscle. [3]. Activation of platelet protease-activated receptor-1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and chemotaxis of colon cancer cell line SW620. Oncol Rep. 2015 Jun;33(6):2681-8.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	1.5437 mL	7.7183 mL	15.4366 mL
	5 mM	0.3087 mL	1.5437 mL	3.0873 mL
	10 mM	0.1544 mL	0.7718 mL	1.5437 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.