SB26019 is a potent anti-neuroinflammatory agent. SB26019 regulates NF-κB activation by inducing the formation of monomeric α-tubulin. SB26019-induced α-tubulin monomer inhibits p65 translocation.

Physicochemical Properties

CAS #	1233078-90-4
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	For a duration of six hours, SB26019 (10 μM) suppresses the expression of genes that are associated with inflammation, including Ccl2, Cxcl10, Il-1β, Il-6, Nos2, and Tnf[1]. In a time- and dose-dependent manner, SB26019 (1.25-10 μM; 1-12 h) causes IκB degradation [1]. Colchicine, an anti-inflammatory modulator, has an IC50 of 4.20 μM, whereas SB26019 (IC50 of 1.13 μM) creates less tubulin polymers and more α-tubulin monomers [1]. p65 translocation in J774A.1 and RAW264.7 murine macrophages is inhibited by α-tubulin monomer produced by SB26019 (10 μM) [1].
ln Vivo	In vivo neuroinflammation is improved by SB26019 (2–5 mg/kg; ip; daily; for 4 days) [1]. Pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation of SB26019 [1]. Configurations IP,5 milligrams per kilogram Maximum Time (h) 0.17 ± 0.00 Cmax (μg/mL) 1.20 ± 0.26 T1/2 (h) 3.57 ± 0.62 AUCt (μg h/mL) 1.77 ± 0.30 AUC∞ (μg h/mL) 1.79 ± 0.31 CL (L/h/kg) NA vss (L/kg) FA Ft (%) NA Not A
Cell Assay	RT-PCR[1] Cell Types: BV-2 murine microglial cells Tested Concentrations: 10 μM Incubation Duration: 6 h Experimental Results: Suppressed the production of inflammatory marker genes. Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Types: J774A.1 cells Tested Concentrations: 1.25 μM, 2.5 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM Incubation Duration: 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h Experimental Results: Dose- and time-dependent IκB degradation without affecting the total amount of p65 in J774A.1 cells.
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: 10weeks old female C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g)[1] Doses: 2 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg Route of Administration: ip; daily; for 4 days Experimental Results: Suppressed microglial activation by downregulating lba-1 and proinflammatory cytokines.
References	[1]. Junhyeong Yim, et al. Phenotype-based screening rediscovered benzopyran-embedded microtubule inhibitors as anti-neuroinflammatory agents by modulating the tubulin-p65 interaction. Exp Mol Med. 2022 Dec 12;1-10.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)