Reuterin is a broad spectrum (a wide range) antimicrobial agent generated by Lactobacillus reuteri during the anaerobic metabolism of glycerol. Reuterin is an antimicrobial agent active against Gram-positive (Gram+) and Gram-negative (Gram-) bacteria, as well as yeasts, molds, and protozoa. Reuterin has potent anti-bacterial effect against a wide range of human and poultry Campylobacter isolates.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C3H6O2
Molecular Weight	74.0785
Exact Mass	74.036
CAS #	2134-29-4
PubChem CID	75049
Appearance	Colorless to light yellow viscous liquid
Density	1.0±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	168.2±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	61.8±15.2 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.5±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.400
LogP	-1.11
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	2
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	5
Complexity	26.1
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])=O
InChi Key	AKXKFZDCRYJKTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C3H6O2/c4-2-1-3-5/h2,5H,1,3H2
Chemical Name	3-hydroxypropanal
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Reuterine has been investigated as a food preservative and supplementary medicinal agent since it is water soluble, effective across a broad pH range, and resistant to proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes. reuteri is a strong antibacterial agent that exhibits great efficacy against several isolates of Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuni [1]. Reuterin has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both enteric bacteria and pathogens and is produced by some strains of Lactobacillus reuteri during the anaerobic fermentation of glycerol [2].
References	[1]. The antimicrobial compound reuterin (3-hydroxypropionaldehyde) induces oxidative stress via interaction with thiol groups. Microbiology (Reading). 2010;156(Pt 6):1589-1599. [2]. Reuterin Demonstrates Potent Antimicrobial Activity Against a Broad Panel of Human and Poultry Meat Campylobacter spp. Isolates. Microorganisms. 2020;8(1):78. Published 2020 Jan 6.
Additional Infomation	3-hydroxypropanal is an alpha-CH2-containing aldehyde and a member of propanals.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	H2O : ~250 mg/mL (~3374.73 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (1349.89 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	13.4989 mL	67.4946 mL	134.9892 mL
	5 mM	2.6998 mL	13.4989 mL	26.9978 mL
	10 mM	1.3499 mL	6.7495 mL	13.4989 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.