Lactobionic acid is a biomimetic acid found in Caspian yogurt, chemically consisting of gluconic acid bonded to galactose. Lactobionic acid has antioxidant, antibacterial, chelating, stabilizing, acidifying and moisturizing properties.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C12H22O12
Molecular Weight	358.2959
Exact Mass	358.111
CAS #	96-82-2
Related CAS #	5001-51-4 (calcium salt[2:1]);110638-68-1 (calcium salt/solvate);12569-38-9 (calcium glubionate salt/solvate);129388-07-4 (levdobutamine salt/solvate);135326-55-5 (clarithromycin salt/solvate);305831-47-4 (azithromycin salt/solvate);33659-28-8 (calcium bromo salt/solvate);3847-29-8 (erythromycin salt/solvate);69313-67-3 (potassium salt/solvate);97635-31-9 (calcium glubionate salt/solvate)
PubChem CID	7314
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.8±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	864.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	113-118 °C(lit.)
Flash Point	319.1±27.8 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.648
LogP	-4.06
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	9
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	12
Rotatable Bond Count	8
Heavy Atom Count	24
Complexity	406
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	9
SMILES	C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@H]([C@@H](CO)O)[C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O
InChi Key	JYTUSYBCFIZPBE-AMTLMPIISA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C12H22O12/c13-1-3(15)10(7(18)8(19)11(21)22)24-12-9(20)6(17)5(16)4(2-14)23-12/h3-10,12-20H,1-2H2,(H,21,22)/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,12+/m1/s1
Chemical Name	(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexanoic acid
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References	[1]. Lactobionic Acid as a Potential Food Ingredient: Recent Studies and Applications. J Food Sci. 2019 Jul;84(7):1672-1681.
Additional Infomation	Lactobionic acid is a disaccharide formed between beta-D-galactose and D-gluconic acid. It has a role as an antioxidant. It is functionally related to a lactose. It is a conjugate acid of a lactobionate.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

H2O : ~125 mg/mL (~348.87 mM) DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~279.10 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (279.10 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.7910 mL	13.9548 mL	27.9096 mL
	5 mM	0.5582 mL	2.7910 mL	5.5819 mL
	10 mM	0.2791 mL	1.3955 mL	2.7910 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.