Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole) is an isatis root extract that is a product of the oxidative degradation of IAA from a crude enzyme preparation of etiolated pea seedlings. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole) may be utilized to prepare analogs of the indole phytoalexin cyclorutin.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C₉H₇NO
Molecular Weight	145.16
Exact Mass	145.052
CAS #	487-89-8
Related CAS #	Indole-3-carboxaldehyde-13C3;1093452-52-8
PubChem CID	10256
Appearance	Off-white to yellow solid powder
Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	339.1±15.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	193-198 °C(lit.)
Flash Point	166.8±27.8 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.729
LogP	1.68
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	1
Rotatable Bond Count	1
Heavy Atom Count	11
Complexity	158
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	OLNJUISKUQQNIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C9H7NO/c11-6-7-5-10-9-4-2-1-3-8(7)9/h1-6,10H
Chemical Name	1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde
Synonyms	Indole3carboxaldehyde; Indole 3 carboxaldehyde
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References

[1]. Enzymatic Formation of Indole-3-Carboxaldehyde from Indole-3-Acetic Acid. Plant Physiol. 1958 May; 33(3): 207–212. [2]. Gut microbe-derived metabolite indole-3-carboxaldehyde alleviates atherosclerosis. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023 Oct 4;8(1):378.

Additional Infomation

Indole-3-carbaldehyde is a heteroarenecarbaldehyde that is indole in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a formyl group. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a human xenobiotic metabolite, a bacterial metabolite and a marine metabolite. It is a heteroarenecarbaldehyde, an indole alkaloid and a member of indoles. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde has been reported in Lactarius subplinthogalus, Arthrographis, and other organisms with data available.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~20 mg/mL (~137.78 mM) H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2 mg/mL (13.78 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2 mg/mL (13.78 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	6.8890 mL	34.4448 mL	68.8895 mL
	5 mM	1.3778 mL	6.8890 mL	13.7779 mL
	10 mM	0.6889 mL	3.4445 mL	6.8890 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.