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Epinastine HCl (WAL801CL; Alesion; Elestat; Epinastine; Epinastin; WAL-801CL), the hydrochloride salt of epinastine, is a potent antagonist of histamine H1 receptors without sedative side effects. It also functions as a mast cell stabilizer and is found in eye drops that are used to treat allergic conjunctivitis. The release of histamine from mast cells is inhibited by paroxetine, which also blocks the histamine H1 receptor. This stops histamine activity on capillaries, skin, and mucous membranes from causing the usual allergic symptoms.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C16H16CLN3 | |
| Molecular Weight | 285.77 | |
| Exact Mass | 285.103 | |
| Elemental Analysis | C, 67.25; H, 5.64; Cl, 12.41; N, 14.70 | |
| CAS # | 108929-04-0 | |
| Related CAS # | Epinastine; 80012-43-7 | |
| PubChem CID | 157313 | |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder | |
| Density | 1.32g/cm3 | |
| Boiling Point | 428ºC at 760 mmHg | |
| Melting Point | >270ºC | |
| Flash Point | 212.7ºC | |
| Vapour Pressure | 1.56E-07mmHg at 25°C | |
| LogP | 3.469 | |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 2 | |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 1 | |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 | |
| Heavy Atom Count | 20 | |
| Complexity | 378 | |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 | |
| SMILES | Cl[H].N12C(N([H])[H])=NC([H])([H])C1([H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C21 |
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| InChi Key | VKXSGUIOOQPGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C16H15N3.ClH/c17-16-18-10-15-13-7-3-1-5-11(13)9-12-6-2-4-8-14(12)19(15)16;/h1-8,15H,9-10H2,(H2,17,18);1H | |
| Chemical Name | 2,4-diazatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,6.07,12]octadeca-1(18),3,7,9,11,14,16-heptaen-3-amine;hydrochloride | |
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| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 | |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
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| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | Histamine receptor | ||
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| References |
[1]. Arzneimittelforschung . 1988 Oct;38(10):1446-53. [2]. Eur J Pharmacol . 1998 May 22;349(2-3):171-7. [3]. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol . 1992;14(1-2):191-205. [4]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 1997 Jan 3;230(1):125-8. |
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| Additional Infomation |
Epinastine Hydrochloride is an histamine H1 receptor antagonist without sedative activity. Epinastine hydrochloride blocks the histamine H1 receptor and inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells. This prevents the typical allergic symptoms that are caused by histamine activity on capillaries, skin, mucous membranes, and on gastrointestinal and bronchial smooth muscles. Typical histamine activities include vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, increased vascular permeability, pain, itching, and spasmodic contractions of gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Epinastine also has affinity for the histamine H2, 5-HT2, and the alpha-1, alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. See also: Epinastine (has active moiety). |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 4: 20 mg/mL (69.99 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4993 mL | 17.4966 mL | 34.9932 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6999 mL | 3.4993 mL | 6.9986 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3499 mL | 1.7497 mL | 3.4993 mL |