(-)-Camphoric acid is a less active isomer of Camphoric acid. Camphoric acid stimulates osteoblast differentiation and induces glutamate receptor expression. Camphoric acid also induces NF-κB and AP-1 activation.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C10H16O4
Molecular Weight	200.23
Exact Mass	200.105
CAS #	560-09-8
PubChem CID	219463
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.177g/cm3
Boiling Point	312ºC at 760mmHg
Melting Point	188-190ºC(lit.)
Flash Point	156.7ºC
Index of Refraction	1.49
LogP	1.598
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	14
Complexity	282
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	2
SMILES	C[C@@]1(CC[C@H](C1(C)C)C(=O)O)C(=O)O
InChi Key	LSPHULWDVZXLIL-QUBYGPBYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C10H16O4/c1-9(2)6(7(11)12)4-5-10(9,3)8(13)14/h6H,4-5H2,1-3H3,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)/t6-,10+/m0/s1
Chemical Name	(1S,3R)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
Synonyms	L-Camphoric acid Camphoric acid, (-)-
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References

[1]. Camphoric acid stimulates osteoblast differentiation and induces glutamate receptor expression. Amino Acids. 2010 Jan;38(1):85-93.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~624.28 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.39 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.39 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.39 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.9943 mL	24.9713 mL	49.9426 mL
	5 mM	0.9989 mL	4.9943 mL	9.9885 mL
	10 mM	0.4994 mL	2.4971 mL	4.9943 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.