CFTRinh-172 (also known as CFTR Inhibitor172; CFTR-Inh 172; CFTR inhibitor 172) is a potent, voltage-independent, and selective inhibitor of CFTR (Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) with potential anti-fibrotic and anti-diarrhea effects. It inhibits CFTR with a Ki of 300 nM, and exhibits little/no effects on MDR1, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, or other transporters. CFTRinh-172 could reversibly inhibit CFTR short-circuit current in less than 2 minutes in a voltage-independent manner.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C18H10F3NO3S2
Molecular Weight	409.4
Exact Mass	409.005
CAS #	307510-92-5
Related CAS #	307510-92-5
PubChem CID	1554208
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow solid powder
Density	1.6±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	555.7±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	289.9±32.9 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.698
LogP	4.51
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	8
Rotatable Bond Count	3
Heavy Atom Count	27
Complexity	657
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	C1=CC(=CC(=C1)N2C(=O)/C(=C/C3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)O)/SC2=S)C(F)(F)F
InChi Key	JIMHYXZZCWVCMI-ZSOIEALJSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C18H10F3NO3S2/c19-18(20,21)12-2-1-3-13(9-12)22-15(23)14(27-17(22)26)8-10-4-6-11(7-5-10)16(24)25/h1-9H,(H,24,25)/b14-8-
Chemical Name	4-{[(5Z)-4-Oxo-2-sulfanylidene-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]methyl}benzoic acid
Synonyms	CFTR inhibitor 172; CFTR Inh-172; CFTR Inhibitor172; CFTR Inh 172; CFTR Inh172; CFTR(Inh)-172; CFTR(Inh)172; CFTR Inhibitor-172;
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) (IC50 for CFTR-mediated chloride transport inhibition: 1.3 μM; IC50 for cholera toxin-induced fluid secretion inhibition: 2.4 μM)[1][2]
ln Vitro	Inhibition by CFTR(inh)-172 is complete in around 10 minutes (t1/2=4 min) and is reversed after roughly 5 minutes at t1/2. CFTRinh-172 suppresses FRT after 24 hours at doses up to 100 μM[1] Cells are non-toxic. CFTR(inh)-172 does not modify the CFTR unitary conductance (8 pS) but reduces the open probability by >90% at Ki=0.6 μM. This effect is due to increasing the average channel off time without changing the average channel on time. The Ki value of wild-type, G551D, and G1349D CFTR for blocking Cl- current is approximately 0.5 μM; however, for vF508 CFTR, the Ki is drastically lowered to 0.2 μM [2]. In human bronchial epithelial cells (Calu-3) and colonic epithelial cells (T84), CFTRinh-172 (0.1-10 μM) dose-dependently inhibited CFTR-mediated chloride transport with an IC50 of 1.3 μM, as measured by Ussing chamber assay. It also blocked cholera toxin-induced intestinal epithelial fluid secretion, with an IC50 of 2.4 μM[1] - In HEK293 cells stably expressing recombinant human CFTR and Xenopus laevis oocytes injected with CFTR cRNA, CFTRinh-172 (0.5-5 μM) suppressed CFTR channel activity by altering gating mechanism. At 1 μM, it reduced CFTR-mediated current by >90%, prolonged channel closed time, and did not compete with ATP binding to CFTR. The inhibition was reversible after drug washout[2]
ln Vivo	In mice, cholera toxin-induced small intestinal fluid secretion was reduced by almost 90% after a single intraperitoneal injection of CFTR(inh)-172 (250 μg/kg) within 6 hours. In mouse models, CFTR(inh)-172 is not harmful at high concentrations. While inactive CFTRinh-172 analogues do not suppress fluid secretion, CFTRinh-172 dramatically decreases fluid secretion into the saline control circuit [1]. In a mouse model of cholera toxin-induced diarrhea, intraperitoneal administration of CFTRinh-172 (1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced intestinal fluid secretion. The 10 mg/kg dose decreased intestinal weight/length ratio (a marker of fluid accumulation) by 70% compared to vehicle control. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg also exhibited significant inhibitory effect on cholera toxin-induced fluid secretion[1]
Enzyme Assay	CFTR channel gating assay: Recombinant human CFTR was expressed in HEK293 cells or Xenopus laevis oocytes. Gradient concentrations of CFTRinh-172 (0.1-5 μM) were added to the extracellular solution. Whole-cell patch-clamp (HEK293 cells) or two-electrode voltage clamp (oocytes) was used to record CFTR-mediated currents. Channel gating parameters (open time, closed time, open probability) were analyzed to evaluate the effect of the drug on CFTR gating mechanism[2]
Cell Assay	Chloride transport inhibition assay: Calu-3 or T84 cells were seeded on permeable supports and cultured until confluent. CFTRinh-172 (0.1 μM, 1 μM, 10 μM) was added to the apical or basolateral medium, and CFTR was activated by forskolin. Transepithelial chloride current was measured by Ussing chamber to quantify inhibition efficiency[1] - Cholera toxin-induced fluid secretion assay: T84 cells were seeded in 24-well plates and treated with CFTRinh-172 (0.5 μM, 2.5 μM, 5 μM) for 30 minutes, then stimulated with cholera toxin. After 24 hours, the volume of culture medium above the cell monolayer was measured to assess fluid secretion inhibition[1] - CFTR current patch-clamp assay: HEK293 cells transfected with CFTR plasmid were plated on glass coverslips. CFTRinh-172 (0.5 μM, 1 μM, 3 μM) was applied to the extracellular solution, and CFTR currents were recorded under voltage-clamp conditions. Current amplitude and gating kinetics were analyzed to determine the inhibitory effect[2]
Animal Protocol	Dissolved in 20 μg/6 h; i.p. administration An adult mouse model of Vibrio cholerae-induced diarrhea Cholera toxin-induced diarrhea mouse model: Male CD-1 mice (20-25 g) were randomly divided into treatment and control groups. CFTRinh-172 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted with saline (final DMSO concentration <5%), administered via intraperitoneal injection (1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) or oral gavage (50 mg/kg) 30 minutes before intraperitoneal injection of cholera toxin. Four hours later, mice were euthanized, and the small intestine was removed to measure intestinal weight/length ratio as an indicator of fluid accumulation[1]
References	[1]. Thiazolidinone CFTR inhibitor identified by high-throughput screening blocks cholera toxin-induced intestinal fluid secretion. J Clin Invest. 2002 Dec;110(11):1651-8. [2]. Altered channel gating mechanism for CFTR inhibition by a high-affinity thiazolidinone blocker. FEBS Lett. 2004 Jan 30;558(1-3):52-6.
Additional Infomation	See also: CFTRinh-172 (annotation moved to). CFTRinh-172 is a thiazolidinone-derived CFTR inhibitor identified through high-throughput screening, primarily used as a research tool to study CFTR function[1][2] - Its core mechanism involves altering CFTR channel gating rather than blocking ATP binding, specifically prolonging the closed state of the channel to inhibit chloride transport across epithelial membranes[2] - It exhibits potent inhibitory activity against both endogenous and recombinant CFTR, with potential application in treating secretory diarrheas (e.g., cholera) by blocking intestinal fluid secretion[1] - The drug shows reversible inhibition of CFTR, making it suitable for in vitro and in vivo studies requiring temporary CFTR function blockade[2]

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 82 mg/mL (200.3 mM) Water:<1 mg/mL Ethanol:<1 mg/mL

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (6.11 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.4426 mL	12.2130 mL	24.4260 mL
	5 mM	0.4885 mL	2.4426 mL	4.8852 mL
	10 mM	0.2443 mL	1.2213 mL	2.4426 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.