Alfuzosin HCl (Alfetim; alfusozine; SL-77499; alphuzosine; Benestan; Urion; UroXatral; Xatral), the hydrochloride salt of alfuzosin, is an approved/marketed drug which acts as an alpha1 adrenergic receptor antagonist. It is authorized for use in the management of BPH, or benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C19H28CLN5O4
Molecular Weight	425.91
Exact Mass	425.182
Elemental Analysis	C, 58.60; H, 6.99; N, 17.98; O, 16.43
CAS #	81403-68-1
Related CAS #	Alfuzosin; 81403-80-7; Alfuzosin-d7 hydrochloride; 1276197-14-8
PubChem CID	71764
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.272 g/cm3
Boiling Point	687.7ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	225°C
LogP	3.124
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	8
Rotatable Bond Count	8
Heavy Atom Count	29
Complexity	511
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	Cl.O=C(C1CCCO1)NCCCN(C)C1N=C2C(C=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)=C(N)N=1
InChi Key	YTNKWDJILNVLGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C19H27N5O4.ClH/c1-24(8-5-7-21-18(25)14-6-4-9-28-14)19-22-13-11-16(27-3)15(26-2)10-12(13)17(20)23-19;/h10-11,14H,4-9H2,1-3H3,(H,21,25)(H2,20,22,23);1H
Chemical Name	N-[3-[(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-methylamino]propyl]oxolane-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride
Synonyms	SL-77499; Alfetim; alfusozine; alfuzosin; SL 77499; SL77499; alfuzosin hydrochloride; alphuzosine; Benestan; Urion; UroXatral; Xatral
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	α1-adrenergic receptor
ln Vitro	In vitro activity: Alfuzosin increases the probability of late hNa(v)1.5 single-channel openings, significantly reduces the slow time constant for recovery from inactivation, and increases whole-cell peak sodium (hNa(v)1.5) current. Alfuzosin also causes a 2- to 3-fold increase in the length of the hNa(v)1.5 burst and the number of openings per burst.[1] When 10 mM phenylephrine is used to pre-contract the rabbit corpus cavernosum (CC), alfuzosin exhibits a concentration-dependent relaxing effect.[2]
ln Vivo	Alfuzosin (300 nM) dramatically lengthens the action potential duration (APD)(60) and QT in isolated rabbit hearts.[1] Alfuzosin increases the quantity and size of apomorphine-induced erections in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).[3] Alfuzosin functions as an antagonist of the alpha-adrenergic receptor, preventing contractions brought on by external noradrenaline while leaving the spikes in the two vas deferens segments unchanged.[4] In the pithed rat, alfuzosin (0.03-0.3 mg kg-1, i.v.) significantly suppresses pressor responses elicited by the alpha 1-selective agonist Cirazoline, but it only marginally suppresses responses to the alpha 2-selective agonist UK 14,304. When it comes to responses mediated by activation of prejunctional alpha 2-receptors, alfuzosin (1 mg kg-1, i.v.) has negligible effects (UK 14,304-induced inhibition of sympathetic tachycardia). In the cat under anesthesia, alfuzosin (0.001–1 mg kg–1, intravenously) and prazosin (0.001-0.3 mg kg–1, intravenously) produce dose-related inhibition of the increases in urethral pressure brought on by stimulation of sympathetic hypogastric nerves. [5]
Animal Protocol	0.001-1 mg kg-1, i.v. Rats amd cats
References	[1]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther . 2008 Feb;324(2):427-33. [2]. BJU Int . 2003 Jun;91(9):873-7. [3]. Eur Urol . 2004 Jan;45(1):110-6; discussion 116. [4]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther . 2005 Feb;312(2):710-7. [5]. Br J Pharmacol . 1993 Aug;109(4):1282-9.
Additional Infomation	Alfuzosin Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of alfuzosin, a quinazoline compound with smooth muscle-relaxing activity. Alfuzosin selectively binds to and antagonizes post-synaptic alpha-1-adrenoreceptors in smooth muscle of the prostate, bladder base, bladder neck, prostatic capsule, and prostatic urethra, initiating relaxation of smooth muscle and resulting in improvement of urine flow and the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This agent also blocks alpha-1-adrenoreceptors in peripheral vascular smooth muscle, resulting in vasodilatation and a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. See also: Alfuzosin (has active moiety).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 25~85 mg/mL (58.7~199.6 mM) Water: ~85 mg/mL (~199.6 mM) Ethanol: ~85 mg/mL (~199.6 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.88 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.88 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.88 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.3479 mL	11.7396 mL	23.4791 mL
	5 mM	0.4696 mL	2.3479 mL	4.6958 mL
	10 mM	0.2348 mL	1.1740 mL	2.3479 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.