8-Epixanthatin is a potential colchicine binding site inhibitor extracted from Xanthium chinese Mill. 8-Epixanthatin can inhibit the activation of STAT3, cause apoptosis, and has anti-tumor activity.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C15H18O3
Molecular Weight	246.30
Exact Mass	246.125
CAS #	30890-35-8
PubChem CID	11694445
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	444.3±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	199.1±28.8 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.528
LogP	1.58
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	18
Complexity	456
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	3
SMILES	C[C@H]1C[C@@H]2[C@H](CC=C1/C=C/C(=O)C)C(=C)C(=O)O2
InChi Key	RBRPTFMVULVGIC-MDKNCZOUSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C15H18O3/c1-9-8-14-13(11(3)15(17)18-14)7-6-12(9)5-4-10(2)16/h4-6,9,13-14H,3,7-8H2,1-2H3/b5-4+/t9-,13+,14+/m0/s1
Chemical Name	(3aR,7S,8aR)-7-methyl-3-methylidene-6-[(E)-3-oxobut-1-enyl]-4,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-3aH-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	8-Epixanthatin (2–20 μM, 12 h) has an IC50 value of 3.2 μM and can dose-dependently reduce DU145 cell proliferation and p-STAT3 levels [1]. By causing ROS generation in DU145 cancer cells, 8-epixanthatin can suppress STAT3 activation and cell growth [1].
ln Vivo	8-Epixanthatin (ip, 50 mg/kg, 5 days per week for 25 days) can stop tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model of DU145 cells by inactivating STAT3. There was a 40.1% reduction in both the tumor weight and volume in mice. The level of p-STAT3 in tumors was dramatically decreased, with a reduction of 40.0% [1].
Cell Assay	Cell Proliferation Assay[1] Cell Types: DU145 cell Tested Concentrations: 2, 5, 10, and 20 μM Incubation Duration: 12 h or 48 h Experimental Results: decreased STAT3 phosphorylation by 90% at a concentration of 20 μM but not p-JAK2-Y1007/1008. Dramatically decreased the amount of BCL-2 and BCL-xL, and induces BCL-xL PARP cleavage, the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase diminished.
References	[1]. 8-Epi-xanthatin induces the apoptosis of DU145 prostate carcinoma cells through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 inhibition and reactive oxygen species generation. Phytother Res. 2021 Mar;35(3):1508-1520.
Additional Infomation	8-epi-Xanthatin has been reported in Xanthium pungens, Dittrichia graveolens, and other organisms with data available.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (203.00 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.0601 mL	20.3004 mL	40.6009 mL
	5 mM	0.8120 mL	4.0601 mL	8.1202 mL
	10 mM	0.4060 mL	2.0300 mL	4.0601 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.