(RS)-AMPA ((±)-AMPA) monohydrate is a glutamate analogue and a potent and specific agonist of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamic acid. (RS)-AMPA monohydrate does not interfere with alginate or NMDA receptor binding sites.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C7H12N2O5
Molecular Weight	204.180582046509
Exact Mass	204.074
CAS #	76463-67-7
Related CAS #	(S)-AMPA;83643-88-3;(RS)-AMPA;77521-29-0;(RS)-AMPA hydrobromide;171259-81-7
PubChem CID	53393722
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	3
Heavy Atom Count	14
Complexity	284
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O1C(C)=C(C(N1)=O)CC(C(=O)O)N.O
InChi Key	HFISYNCCKQHIAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C7H10N2O4.H2O/c1-3-4(6(10)9-13-3)2-5(8)7(11)12;/h5H,2,8H2,1H3,(H,9,10)(H,11,12);1H2
Chemical Name	2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid;hydrate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.(2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro

(RS)-AMPA monohydrate (10-3-10-4 M) causes the brainstem and spinal cord of cultivated rats to become depolarized. Although the effects of (RS)-AMPA monohydrate on depolarization differ greatly amongst neurons, it appears that the effects are dose-dependent. Applying (RS)-AMPA monohydrate at 10-5 M resulted in a very little depolarization (3–7 mV), however at 10–4 M, the depolarization's magnitude varied from 4–33 mV. The rate at which spontaneously firing neurons fire is also increased by (RS)-AMPA monohydrate, and quiet cells occasionally have short action potential bursts. Without impacting NMDA receptors, (RS)-AMPA monohydrate depolarizes the body by activating glutamate/quilamate receptors [1].

References

[1]. Effects of the glutamate analogue AMPA and its interaction with antagonists on cultured rat spinal and brain stem neurones. Neurosci Lett. 1983 Mar 28;36(1):59-62. [2]. Flip and flop: a cell-specific functional switch in glutamate-operated channels of the CNS. Science. 1990 Sep 28;249(4976):1580-5.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	H2O: 5 mg/mL (24.49 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: 7.14 mg/mL (34.97 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication (<60°C).  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.8976 mL	24.4882 mL	48.9764 mL
	5 mM	0.9795 mL	4.8976 mL	9.7953 mL
	10 mM	0.4898 mL	2.4488 mL	4.8976 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.