| Description | Lycobetaine acetate (Oxylycorine) is a potential biofungicide against Penicillium roqueforti and Aspergillus niger.2. Ungeremine have strong antibacterial activity against Flavobacterium columnare |
| In vitro | Ungeremine displayed cytotoxic activity towards the 9 cancer cell lines tested, including drug-sensitive and MDR phenotypes. The IC50values obtained varied from 3.67 μM (in MDA-MB-231-BCRP breast carcinoma cells) to 75.24 μM (against in CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells) for ungeremine and from 0.02 μM (against CCRF-CEM cells) to 122.96 μM (against CEM/ADR5000 cells) for doxorubicin (control drug). Ungeremine induced ferroptosis, necroptosis, autophagy as well as apoptosis mediated by caspase activation, MMP alteration and increase ROS production[1]. |
| Cell experiments | The cytotoxicity, ferroptotic and necroptotic cell death were determined by the resazurin reduction assay. Caspase activation was evaluated using the caspase-Glo assay. Flow cytometry was applied for the analysis of cell cycle analysis (PI staining), apoptosis (annexin V/PI staining), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) (JC-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (H2DCFH-DA). Apoptotic, necroptotic and autophagic markers were determined by Western blotting. CCRF-CEM leukemia cells were used for all mechanistic studies[1]. |
| Synonyms | 氧化石蒜碱乙酸盐, Oxylycorine |
| molecular weight | 325.32 |
| Molecular formula | C18H15NO5 |
| CAS | 61221-41-8 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year |
| Solubility | DMSO: Insoluble H2O: Insoluble |
| References | 1. Armelle T Mbaveng, Gabin T M Bitchagno, Victor Kuete,et al.Cytotoxicity of Ungeremine Towards Multi-Factorial Drug Resistant Cancer Cells and Induction of Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, Necroptosis and Autophagy.Phytomedicine. 2019 Jul;60:152832. 2. Kevin K Schrader , Fabiana Avolio, Anna Andolfi.et alUngeremine and Its Hemisynthesized Analogues as Bactericides Against Flavobacterium Columnare.J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Feb 13;61(6):1179-83. |