Caroverine hydrochloride

CAS: 55750-05-5 F: C22H28ClN3O2 W: 401.93

Caroverine (Tinnex) hydrochloride is a potent, competitive and reversible antagonist of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptor

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Bioactivity	Caroverine (Tinnex) hydrochloride is a potent, competitive and reversible antagonist of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptor. Caroverine hydrochloride is also an antioxidant and calcium-blocking agent that exhibits vasorelaxant action. Caroverine hydrochloride can be used for the research of inner ear tinnitus[1][2][3].
Target	NMDAAMPA
Invitro	Caroverine (1 μM; pretreated for 10 min) inhibits the pressor response to KCl (80 mM) and noradrenaline (1 μM) in the rat hindquarter preparation. Caroverine markedly suppresses the contraction caused by KCl (40 mM) in the rat isolated aorta[3].
In Vivo	Caroverine (1.44 mg/rat; s.c; 1.0 mL/h for 72 h) attenuates impulse noise-induced hearing loss in the rat[4]. Animal Model:
Name	Caroverine hydrochloride
CAS	55750-05-5
Formula	C22H28ClN3O2
Molar Mass	401.93
Appearance	Solid
Transport	Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage	4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Reference	[1]. Chen Z, et, al. Pharmacokinetics of caroverine in the inner ear and its effects on cochlear function after systemic and local administrations in Guinea pigs. Audiol Neurootol. Jan-Feb 2003;8(1):49-56. [2]. Denk DM, et, al. Caroverine in tinnitus treatment. A placebo-controlled blind study. Acta Otolaryngol. 1997 Nov;117(6):825-30. [3]. Ishida Y, et, al. Vasorelaxant action of caroverine fumarate (a quinoxaline derivative), a calcium-blocking agent. Br J Pharmacol. 1980;71(1):343-8. [4]. Duan M, et, al. Low-dose, long-term caroverine administration attenuates impulse noise-induced hearing loss in the rat. Acta Otolaryngol. 2006 Dec;126(11):1140-7.