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bpV(phen) is a novel and highly potent protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and PTEN inhibitor with IC50s of 38 nM, 343 nM and 920 nM for PTEN, PTP-β and PTP-1B. bpV(phen) is an insulin-mimetic agent following insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase hyperphosphorylation and activation. bpV(phen) activates HIV-1 transcription and replication via NF-κB-dependent and independent mechanisms. bpV(phen) inhibits proliferation of the protozoan parasite Leishmania in vitro. bpV(phen) strongly induces the secretion of a large number of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and it activates a Th1-type pathway (IL-12, IFNγ). bpV(phen) can also induce cell apoptosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C12H19KN2O8V |
| Molecular Weight | 409.3277 |
| Exact Mass | 353.982 |
| CAS # | 42494-73-5 |
| Related CAS # | bpV(phen) trihydrate;171202-16-7 |
| PubChem CID | 25200057 |
| Appearance | Light yellow to yellow solid powder |
| LogP | 2.699 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 8 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 10 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 24 |
| Complexity | 185 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| InChi Key | GZEXWPZCNNQQRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C12H8N2.K.2H2O2.4H2O.V/c1-3-9-5-6-10-4-2-8-14-12(10)11(9)13-7-1;;2*1-2;;;;;/h1-8H;;2*1-2H;4*1H2;/q;+1;;;;;;;/p-1 |
| Chemical Name | potassium;hydrogen peroxide;1,10-phenanthroline;vanadium;hydroxide;trihydrate |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | bpV(phen) (5 μM; 24.5 hours; H9c2 cells) treatment causes further reduction in cell viability of H/R-damaged H9c2 cells [1]. H/R-damaged H9c2 cells exhibit increased apoptosis upon treatment with bpV(phen) (5 μM; 24.5 hours) [1]. Treatment with bpV(phen) (5 μM; 24.5 hours; H9c2 cells) markedly increased the formation of cytoplasmic cytochrome C in H/R-damaged H9c2 cells [1]. Upon activation of bpV(phen), PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1)/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is suppressed [1]. The insulin receptor tyrosine kinase hyperphosphorylates and activates the insulin mimic bpV(phen) [4]. |
| ln Vivo | The mean tumor volume significantly decreased in male BALB/c nude (nu/nu) athymic mice treated with bpV(phen) (5 mg/kg; i.p.; daily; for 38 days) [1]. |
| Cell Assay |
Cell viability assay [1] Cell Types: H9c2 cells injured by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) Tested Concentrations: 5 μM Incubation Duration: 24.5 hrs (hours) (24 hrs (hours) of hypoxia; 30 minutes of reoxygenation) Experimental Results: Experimental Results: further decrease in cell viability . Apoptosis analysis [1] Cell Types: Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injured H9c2 cells Tested Concentrations: 5 μM Incubation Duration: 24.5 hrs (hours) (24 hrs (hours) of hypoxia; 30 minutes of reoxygenation) Experimental Results: H/R- Apoptosis increases in damaged H9c2 cells. Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Types: Hypoxia/Reoxygenation (H/R) Injured H9c2 Cells Tested Concentrations: 5 μM Incubation Duration: 24.5 hrs (hours) (24 hrs (hours) of hypoxia; 30 minutes of reoxygenation) Experimental Results: Shows cytochrome c release Increase. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male BALB/c nude (nu/nu) athymic mice (6-7 weeks old) were injected with PC-3 cells [2] Doses: 5 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; daily; continued for 38 Day Experimental Results: resulted in a significant reduction in mean tumor volume. |
| References |
[1]. PTEN-mediated mitophagy and APE1 overexpression protects against cardiac hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2019 Oct;55(9):741-748. [2]. Protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibition induces anti-tumor activity: evidence of Cdk2/p27 kip1 and Cdk2/SHP-1 complex formation in human ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2008 Apr 18;262(2):265-75. [3]. Bisperoxovanadium compounds are potent PTEN inhibitors. FEBS Lett. 2004 May 21;566(1-3):35-8. [4]. Early signaling events triggered by peroxovanadium [bpV(phen)] are insulin receptor kinase (IRK)-dependent: specificity of inhibition of IRK-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase(s) by bpV(phen). Mol Endocrinol. 1997 Dec;11(13):1899-910. [5]. Potassium Bisperoxo(1,10-phenanthroline)oxovanadate (bpV(phen)) Induces Apoptosis and Pyroptosis and Disrupts the P62-HDAC6 Protein Interaction to Suppress the Acetylated Microtubule-dependent Degradation of Autophagosomes. J Biol Chem. 201. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4430 mL | 12.2151 mL | 24.4302 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4886 mL | 2.4430 mL | 4.8860 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2443 mL | 1.2215 mL | 2.4430 mL |