β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C205H312F3N55O62S
Molecular Weight	4628.06
Appearance	Solid powder
Synonyms	Amyloid β-peptide (1-42) (human) TFA
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product is not stable in solution, please use freshly prepared working solution for optimal results.(2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Guide to amyloid-β aggregation (The following is our recommended protocol. This protocol provides guidelines only and should be modified to suit your specific needs). 1. Dissolve solid Aβ peptide in cold hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP). Incubate the peptide at room temperature for at least 1 hour to establish monomerization and structural randomization. 2. Remove HFIP by evaporation and store the resulting peptide as a thin film at -20 or -80°C. 3. Dissolve the resulting film in 5mM anhydrous DMSO and then vortex to dilute to the appropriate concentration and buffer (media without serum and phenol red). 4. Next, incubate the solution at 4-8°C for 48 hours. The sample is then centrifuged at 14,000g for 10 minutes at 4-8°C; soluble oligomers are in the supernatant. Dilute the supernatant 10-200 times for experiments. Methods vary depending on downstream applications. Note: Aggregated forms are unstable in solution and are recommended for immediate use.
ln Vivo	β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA can be used in animal modeling to construct Alzheimer's disease models.
References	[1]. Impact of amyloid-β peptide (1-42) on voltage-gated ion currents in molluscan neurons. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2011 Oct;151(6):671-4. [2]. Nuclear translocation uncovers the amyloid peptide Aβ42 as a regulator of gene transcription. J Biol Chem. 2014 Jul 18;289(29):20182-91. [3]. Capillary electrophoresis studies on the aggregation process of beta-amyloid 1-42 and 1-40 peptides. Electrophoresis. 2004 Oct;25(18-19):3186-94.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (7.20 mM; with sonication)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (0.54 mM)(Saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution, add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix well; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above system and mix well; then add 450 μL saline to make up to 1 mL. *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (0.54 mM) in 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension; sonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution, add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD in saline and mix well. *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (0.54 mM)(Saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution, add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL corn oil and mix well.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	0.2161 mL	1.0804 mL	2.1607 mL
	5 mM	0.0432 mL	0.2161 mL	0.4321 mL
	10 mM	0.0216 mL	0.1080 mL	0.2161 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.