Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C139H230N46O42S4 |
| Molecular Weight | 3345.86 |
| CAS # | 254757-77-2 |
| PubChem CID | 172407981 |
| Sequence | H-Ala-Pro-Asp-Cys(1)-Cys(2)-Arg-Gln-Lys-Thr-D-Cys(1)-Ser-Cys(2)-Arg-Ile-Tyr-Asp-Ile-Leu-Arg-Gly-Thr-Gly-Asn-His-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ile-Leu-Thr-Leu-NH2; Ala-Pro-Asp-Cys-Cys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Thr-Cys-Ser-Cys-Arg-Ile-Tyr-Asp-Ile-Leu-Arg-Gly-Thr-Gly-Asn-His-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ile-Leu-Thr-Leu-NH2 (Disulfide bridge:Cys4-Cys10;Cys5-Cys12); L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-cysteinyl-L-cysteinyl-L-arginyl-L-glutaminyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-D-cysteinyl-L-seryl-L-cysteinyl-L-arginyl-L-isoleucyl-L-tyrosyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-isoleucyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-glycyl-L-threonyl-glycyl-L-asparagyl-L-histidyl-L-alanyl-L-alanyl-glycyl-L-isoleucyl-L-leucyl-L-threonyl-L-leucinamide (4->10),(5->12)-bis(disulfide) |
| SequenceShortening | APDCCRQKTCSCRIYDILRGTGNHAAGILTL; APDCCRQKTCSCRIYDILRGTGNHAAGILTL-NH2 (Disulfide bridge:Cys4-Cys10;Cys5-Cys12) |
| Appearance | Typically exists as solid at room temperature |
| LogP | -15 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 51 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 52 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 92 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 231 |
| Complexity | 7730 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 34 |
| SMILES | CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CN=CN1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]3CSSC[C@H]4C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N4)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]5CCCN5C(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N3)CO)[C@@H](C)O)CCCCN)CCC(=O)N)CCCNC(=N)N |
| InChi Key | FKRWSCNAORMVNF-AEXKNESKSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C139H230N46O42S4/c1-19-65(10)103(131(222)172-84(46-64(8)9)122(213)184-107(72(17)188)134(225)167-82(109(144)200)44-62(4)5)179-99(194)54-155-110(201)69(14)159-111(202)70(15)160-117(208)86(48-75-52-151-61-158-75)168-120(211)87(49-97(143)192)161-98(193)53-157-130(221)106(71(16)187)180-100(195)55-156-112(203)77(29-24-40-152-137(145)146)162-118(209)83(45-63(6)7)171-132(223)105(67(12)21-3)182-123(214)89(51-102(198)199)169-119(210)85(47-74-33-35-76(190)36-34-74)173-133(224)104(66(11)20-2)181-115(206)80(31-26-42-154-139(149)150)165-125(216)91-57-228-229-58-92-126(217)164-79(30-25-41-153-138(147)148)113(204)166-81(37-38-96(142)191)114(205)163-78(28-22-23-39-140)116(207)183-108(73(18)189)135(226)178-94(127(218)174-90(56-186)124(215)176-91)60-231-230-59-93(128(219)177-92)175-121(212)88(50-101(196)197)170-129(220)95-32-27-43-185(95)136(227)68(13)141/h33-36,52,61-73,77-95,103-108,186-190H,19-32,37-51,53-60,140-141H2,1-18H3,(H2,142,191)(H2,143,192)(H2,144,200)(H,151,158)(H,155,201)(H,156,203)(H,157,221)(H,159,202)(H,160,208)(H,161,193)(H,162,209)(H,163,205)(H,164,217)(H,165,216)(H,166,204)(H,167,225)(H,168,211)(H,169,210)(H,170,220)(H,171,223)(H,172,222)(H,173,224)(H,174,218)(H,175,212)(H,176,215)(H,177,219)(H,178,226)(H,179,194)(H,180,195)(H,181,206)(H,182,214)(H,183,207)(H,184,213)(H,196,197)(H,198,199)(H4,145,146,152)(H4,147,148,153)(H4,149,150,154)/t65-,66-,67-,68-,69-,70-,71+,72+,73+,77-,78-,79-,80-,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-,88-,89-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94+,95-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-/m0/s1 |
| Chemical Name | (3S)-4-[[(1S,4S,7S,10S,13S,16R,21R,24S,31R)-21-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-carboxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamoyl]-7-(4-aminobutyl)-10-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-13-(3-carbamimidamidopropyl)-4-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-24-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,9,12,15,23,26,32-octaoxo-18,19,28,29-tetrathia-2,5,8,11,14,22,25,33-octazabicyclo[14.10.7]tritriacontan-31-yl]amino]-3-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid |
| Synonyms | Xenopus orexin A; |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | Orexin receptor |
| ln Vitro | We isolated the Xenopus gene encoding prepro-orexin to predict the structures of orexins in submammalian chordates. Putative mature Xenopus orexin-A and -B are highly similar to each mammalian counterpart. Especially, the C-terminal 10 residues were highly conserved among these species and isopeptides. Immunohistochemical examination of Xenopus brain revealed that orexin-containing neurons were highly specifically localized in the ventral hypothalamic nucleus. A rich network of immunoreactive fibers was found in various regions of the Xenopus brain. The distribution was similar to that of mammalian orexins. Xenopus orexin-A and -B specifically bind and activate human orexin receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Of interest, Xenopus orexin-B had several-fold higher affinity to human OX2R compared with human orexins. These results suggest that Xenopus orexin-B might be a useful pharmacological tool as an OX2R selective high-affinity agonist [1]. |
| References |
[1]. Structure, tissue distribution, and pharmacological characterization of Xenopus orexins. Peptides. 1999;20(10):1169-76. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.2989 mL | 1.4944 mL | 2.9888 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0598 mL | 0.2989 mL | 0.5978 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0299 mL | 0.1494 mL | 0.2989 mL |