W1131 is a potent STAT3 activator that induces ferroptosis (ferroptosis). W1131 inhibits cancer progression in subcutaneous xenograft models, organoid models, and PDX models. W1131 Effectively Attenuates Stress Responsiveness to the Chemical Responsiveness to 5-FU W1131 regulates the cell cycle, DNA damage response and oxidative phosphorylation such as IL6-JAK-STAT3 malfunction and ferroptosis (ferroptosis) malfunction.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C23H19N5O4
Molecular Weight	429.428064584732
Exact Mass	429.143
CAS #	2740522-79-4
Related CAS #	W1131 TFA
PubChem CID	162371933
Appearance	Yellow to orange solid powder
LogP	3.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	32
Complexity	732
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O1C([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1C(NC1=CC=C(C2N3C(=NC=2)C=C(C2=CCNCC2)C=C3)C=C1)=O
InChi Key	CMVDOFFRPTYZID-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C23H19N5O4/c29-23(20-5-6-22(32-20)28(30)31)26-18-3-1-16(2-4-18)19-14-25-21-13-17(9-12-27(19)21)15-7-10-24-11-8-15/h1-7,9,12-14,24H,8,10-11H2,(H,26,29)
Chemical Name	5-nitro-N-[4-[7-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]phenyl]furan-2-carboxamide
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	After three days of treatment, W1131 (0-2 μM; 72 h) suppresses colonies and prevents AGS cell proliferation, migration, and potentiation [1]. In AGS cells, W1131 (0.1-3 μM; 24 hours) efficiently suppresses STAT3. W1131 (1 μM; 48 hours) suppresses the expression of GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH1 and induces ferroptosis [1].
ln Vivo	W1131 (3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg; i.p.; once daily for 2 weeks) suppresses tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner and is triggered in the MGC803 subcutaneous xenograft model in BALB/c-nu/nu mice
Cell Assay	Western Blot analysis [1] Cell Types: AGS cell Tested Concentrations: 0.1 μM, 0.3 phosphorylation [1]. μM, 1 μM and 3 μM Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Dose-dependent reduction of phosphorylated Y705-STAT3, but not STAT5, JAK2 and AKT. Immunofluorescence [1] Cell Types: AGS cell Tested Concentrations: 0.3 μM, 1 μM Incubation Duration: 12 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Dramatically promotes lipid ROS formation and induces Fe2+ accumulation.
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: MGC803 mouse subcutaneousxenograft tumor[1] Doses: 3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; ferroptosis[1]. one time/day for two weeks Experimental Results: Inhibition of GPX4, SLC7A11 and FTH1 expression levels, indicating induction of ferroptosis. Resulting in little change in weight.
References	[1]. Inhibition of STAT3-ferroptosis negative regulatory axis suppresses tumor growth and alleviates chemoresistance in gastric cancer. Redox Biol. 2022 Jun;52:102317.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.3287 mL	11.6433 mL	23.2867 mL
	5 mM	0.4657 mL	2.3287 mL	4.6573 mL
	10 mM	0.2329 mL	1.1643 mL	2.3287 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.