Upadacitinib tartrate (formerly ABT494; ABT-494; rinvoq), the tartrate salt of Upadacitinib, is a novel, potent and selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor approved in 2019 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It inhibits JAK1 with an IC50 of 43 nM, and was developed for the treatment of several autoimmune disorders, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis. ABT-494 is approximately 74 fold selective for Jak1 over Jak2 in cellular assays dependent on specific, relevant cytokines. ABT-494 demonstrates efficacy in rat arthritis models. Preliminary evidence suggests that compared to tofacitinib, ABT-494 may spare Jak2 and Jak3 dependent signaling.
Physicochemical Properties
| Exact Mass | 602.215 |
| CAS # | 1607431-21-9 |
| Related CAS # | Upadacitinib;1310726-60-3;Upadacitinib-15N,d2 |
| PubChem CID | 127263217 |
| Appearance | Typically exists as solid at room temperature |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 10 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 16 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 6 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 41 |
| Complexity | 695 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 4 |
| SMILES | CC[C@@H]1CN(C[C@@H]1C2=CN=C3N2C4=C(NC=C4)N=C3)C(=O)NCC(F)(F)F.[C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)O)O)(C(=O)O)O.O.O.O.O |
| InChi Key | WQDBPGWQDBPVQZ-NBCXFSEXSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C17H19F3N6O.C4H6O6/c1-2-10-7-25(16(27)24-9-17(18,19)20)8-11(10)13-5-22-14-6-23-15-12(26(13)14)3-4-21-15;5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h3-6,10-11,21H,2,7-9H2,1H3,(H,24,27);1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t10-,11+;1-,2-/m11/s1 |
| Chemical Name | (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-(3H-imidazo(1,2-a)pyrrolo(2,3-e)pyrazin-8-yl)-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate |
| Synonyms | ABT-494 tartrate; ABT 494 tartrate; ABT494; rinvoq |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | Upadatinib tartrate tetrahydrate has been shown in biochemical testing to be 74 times more selective for JAK-1 than JAK-2 (which is involved in erythropoiesis) and 58 times more selective for JAK-1 than JAK-3 (which is involved in immune surveillance) [1]. |
| ln Vivo | In a rat arthritic model, upadacitinib tartrate tetrahydrate (0.1–10 mg/kg; oral gavage; twice daily for 10 days) has demonstrated effectiveness [3]. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Female Lewis rat (rat adjuvant-induced arthritis model) [3] Doses: 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (oral gavage); twice a day for 10 days Experimental Results: Inhibition of disease pathology in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. |
| References |
[1]. Recent Progress in JAK Inhibitors for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. BioDrugs. 2016 Oct;30(5):407-419. [2]. THU0127 Pharmacodynamics of A Novel JAK1 Selective Inhibitor in Rat Arthritis and Anemia Models and in Healthy Human Subjects. doi 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3823. [3]. In vitro and in vivo characterization of the JAK1 selectivity of upadacitinib (ABT-494). BMC Rheumatol. 2018 Aug 28;2:23. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |