Taccalonolide A is a microtubule stabilizer and steroid extracted from Tacca chantrieri with cytotoxic and antimalarial activity. Taccalonolide A can cause G2-M phase arrest, Bcl-2 phosphorylation, and cause apoptosis. Taccalonolide A has a significant inhibitory activity against cell lines overexpressing p-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance protein 7 (MRP7) in vitro. The IC50 of inhibiting the growth of SK-OV-3 cells is 622 nM.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C36H46O14
Molecular Weight	702.7421
Exact Mass	702.288
CAS #	108885-68-3
PubChem CID	441685
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.4±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	776.8±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	237.8±26.4 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±6.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.590
LogP	2.49
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	14
Rotatable Bond Count	8
Heavy Atom Count	50
Complexity	1620
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	18
SMILES	C[C@@H]1C=C2[C@@]([C@H]3[C@H]1[C@@]4([C@@H]([C@H]3OC(=O)C)[C@H]5[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]4OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)[C@@]6([C@H](C[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@@H]6OC(=O)C)O7)C(=O)[C@@H]5O)C)C)([C@](C(=O)O2)(C)O)C
InChi Key	PTTJLTMUKRRHAT-VJAKQJMOSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C36H46O14/c1-12-10-19-35(8,36(9,44)32(43)50-19)24-21(12)34(7)22(28(24)45-13(2)37)20-23(29(46-14(3)38)31(34)48-16(5)40)33(6)17(25(41)26(20)42)11-18-27(49-18)30(33)47-15(4)39/h10,12,17-18,20-24,26-31,42,44H,11H2,1-9H3/t12-,17-,18+,20+,21+,22-,23-,24+,26-,27+,28-,29+,30+,31+,33+,34-,35+,36-/m1/s1
Chemical Name	[(1S,2S,3R,5S,7S,9S,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R,15R,16S,17S,22S,23S,24R,25R)-10,14,25-triacetyloxy-3,22-dihydroxy-11,15,17,22,23-pentamethyl-4,21-dioxo-8,20-dioxaheptacyclo[13.10.0.02,12.05,11.07,9.016,24.019,23]pentacos-18-en-13-yl] acetate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

References	[1]. Taccalonolides E and A: Plant -derived steroids with microtubule-stabilizing activity. Cancer Res. 2003 Jun 15;63(12):3211-20. [2]. Taccalonolides: Novel microtubule stabilizers with clinical potential. Cancer Lett. 2010 May 1;291(1):14-9. [3]. The taccalonolides: microtubule stabilizers that circumvent clinically relevant taxane resistance mechanisms. Cancer Res. 2008 Nov 1;68(21):8881-8.
Additional Infomation	Taccalonolide A is a withanolide. Taccalonolide A has been reported in Tacca chantrieri and Tacca plantaginea with data available.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~142.30 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	1.4230 mL	7.1150 mL	14.2300 mL
	5 mM	0.2846 mL	1.4230 mL	2.8460 mL
	10 mM	0.1423 mL	0.7115 mL	1.4230 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.