Sulforhodamine G is a fluorescent dye reagent with a wide dynamic range. Sulforhodamine G can be used for protein staining studies.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C25H25N2NA2O7S2+
Molecular Weight	552.595
Exact Mass	552.1
CAS #	5873-16-5
PubChem CID	65196
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
LogP	6.559
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	8
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	37
Complexity	1130
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	[Na+].CCNC1C(C)=CC2C(C3C=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=3S(=O)(O)=O)=C3C=C(C)/C(=N/CC)/C=C3OC=2C=1
InChi Key	NWWFZBYHUXCUDI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C25H26N2O7S2.Na/c1-5-26-20-12-22-18(9-14(20)3)25(19-10-15(4)21(27-6-2)13-23(19)34-22)17-8-7-16(35(28,29)30)11-24(17)36(31,32)33;/h7-13,26H,5-6H2,1-4H3,(H,28,29,30)(H,31,32,33);/q;+1/p-1
Chemical Name	sodium;4-[3-(ethylamino)-6-ethylazaniumylidene-2,7-dimethylxanthen-9-yl]benzene-1,3-disulfonate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Guidelines (This is our suggested protocol; it should be adjusted based on your unique requirements as it just offers as a guideline). Fluorescent internal protein labeling: A. samples of protein ready: 1. Protein samples that are going to be examined are first spiked with 0.1% of the ALIS647 (ALIS internal standard) total protein load. 2. 2-DE is used to separate the protein sample in the dark. B. To make sulforhodamine G pure: 1. 10 mg of 60% pure sulforhodamine G was diluted in 100 milliliters of 1% v/v acetic acid for RP chromatography purification. 2. Gather the pool whose absorbance peaks at 528 nm, lyophilize it till it becomes completely dry, and then store it at 47°C as a dry powder. C. Holding: 1. To avoid the stains photobleaching, staining was done in polypropylene staining dishes covered with aluminum foil. 2. Proteins with an average molecular weight of 50 kDa are stained with sulforhodamine G over night in 35% methanol using a four-fold molar excess of dye. 3. After 4 ×15 minutes of washing in 35% methanol and 2 ×15 minutes of water equilibration. 4. Using separate channels, a laser scanner visualizes total protein and ALIS. 5. Protein spots observed with total protein stain (λex=532 nm) and ALIS (λex=633 nm) are independently quantified by statistical analysis and 2-DE software.
References	[1]. Use of a fluorescent internal protein standard to achieve quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Proteomics. 2006 Mar;6(5):1385-98.
Additional Infomation	Sulforhodamine G is an organic sodium salt and a xanthene dye. It has a role as a fluorochrome. It contains a sulforhodamine G anion.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	1.8096 mL	9.0481 mL	18.0963 mL
	5 mM	0.3619 mL	1.8096 mL	3.6193 mL
	10 mM	0.1810 mL	0.9048 mL	1.8096 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.