Sofosbuvir D6_Others_Signaling Pathways_Products

Sofosbuvir D6 is the deuterated form and less active impurity of Sofosbuvir. Sofosbuvir (also known as PSI-7977, GS-7977; trade names Sovaldi and Virunon) is a HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor that is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Sofosbuvir acts by inhibiting the RNA polymerase that the hepatitis C virus uses to replicate its RNA. It is a component of the first all-oral, interferon-free regimen approved for treating chronic Hepatitis C. In 2013, the FDA approved sofosbuvir in combination with ribavirin (RBV) for oral dual therapy of HCV genotypes 2 and 3, and for triple therapy with injected pegylated interferon (pegIFN) and RBV for treatment-naive patients with HCV genotypes 1 and 4.

Physicochemical Properties

Related CAS #

N/A

Appearance

Typically exists as solid at room temperature

Synonyms

PSI-7977 D6; PSI 7977 D6; PSI7977 D6; GS7977 D6; GS-7977 D6; GS 7977 D6; Sofosbuvir D6; Sovaldi and Virunon.

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

Storage

Powder-20°C 3 years

4°C 2 years

In solvent -80°C 6 months

-20°C 1 month

Shipping Condition

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro

In vitro activity: As HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor, PSI-7977 displays more potent inhibitory activity against HCV RNA replication than PSI-7976 with EC50 of 92 nM versus 1.07 μM and EC90 of 0.29 μM versus 2.99 μM, consistent with that incubating clone A cells with PSI-7977 leads to a higher concentration of PSI-7409 than clone A cells incubated with PSI-7976. PSI-7977 is an effective substrate for CatA to form PSI-352707 with 18-30 fold more potency as compared with PSI-7976. Unlike GS-7976, however, the CES1-mediated hydrolysis of PSI-7977 does not progress in a time-dependent manner. The S282T NS5B polymerase mutation but not S96T mutation confers resistance to PSI-7977 with EC90 increases from 0.42 μM to 7.8 μM. When assessed in an 8-day cytotoxicity assay, PSI-7977 displays no cytotoxicity against Huh7, HepG2, BxPC3, and CEM cells even at concentrations up to 100 μM. PSI-7977 treatment for 14 days shows a IC90 of 72.1 μM and 68.6 μM for the inhibition of mtDNA and rDNA, respectively, in HepG2 cells. PSI-7977 exhibits potent activity against genotype (GT) 1a, 1b, and 2a (strain JFH-1) replicons and chimeric replicons containing GT 2a (strain J6), 2b, and 3a NS5B polymerase. Sequence analysis of the JFH-1 NS5B region indicates that additional amino acid changes including T179A, M289L, I293L, M434T, and H479P are selected both prior to and after the emergence of S282T, which are required to confer resistance to PSI-7977.

Cell Assay: Cells (Huh7, HepG2, BxPC3, and CEM) are exposed to various concentrations of PSI-7977 for 8 days. At the end of the growth period, MTS dye from the CellTiter 96 AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay kit is added to each well, and the plate is incubated for an additional 2 hours. The absorbance at 490 nm is read with a Victor3 plate reader using themedium only controlwells as blanks. The 50% inhibition value (IC50) is determined by comparing the absorbance in wells containing cells and PSI-7977 to untreated cell control wells.

ln Vivo

The average plasma ALT levels in mice with humanized livers in the 440- and 44-mg/kg/d treatment groups were below the upper limit of normal, and were not significantly different from those measured in vehicle-treated mice with humanized livers. The plasma lactate levels were also not elevated in or control mice or mice with humanized livers receiving either dose of PSI-7977.

Animal Protocol

Oral administration, 44 or 440 mg/kg

TK-NOG mice with non-humanized (control) or humanized livers

References

J Biol Chem.2010 Nov 5;285(45):34337-47;J Med Chem.2010 Oct 14;53(19):7202-18;Antimicrob Agents Chemother.2012 Jun;56(6):3359-68.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 100 mg/mL (188.9 mM)

Water: 11 mg/mL (20.78mM)

Ethanol:100 mg/mL (188.9 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

Injection Formulations
(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders

Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

PeptideDB

Sofosbuvir D6

CAS No.:

Physicochemical Properties

Biological Activity

Solubility Data