Sapogenins glycosides are a mixture of triterpene and steroid saponins isolated from medicinal plants such as Aesculus hippocastanum L., Hedera helix L. and Ruscus aculeatus L., which are claimed to be effective for the treatment/prevention of venous insufficiency. Sapogenins are the aglycones, or non-saccharide, portions of the family of natural products known as saponins. They may non-competitively inhibit hyaluronidase and elastase activities.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C58H94O27
Molecular Weight	1223.3
Exact Mass	1643.942
CAS #	8047-15-2
Related CAS #	8047-15-2
PubChem CID	198016
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow solid powder
Density	1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Melting Point	158℃
Index of Refraction	1.583
LogP	28.57
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	15
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	27
Rotatable Bond Count	14
Heavy Atom Count	85
Complexity	2340
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	31
SMILES	C[C@]1(CCC23COC4([C@H]2C1)CC[C@@H]5[C@]6(CC[C@@H](C(C6CC[C@]5([C@@]4(C[C@H]3O)C)C)(C)C)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO7)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO8)O)O)O)O[C@@H]9[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O9)CO)O)O)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O)C)C=O
InChi Key	MAEBCGDGGATMSC-OSHGGGOQSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C58H94O27/c1-52(2)29-7-11-55(5)30(8-12-58-31-15-53(3,22-62)13-14-57(31,23-77-58)32(64)16-56(55,58)6)54(29,4)10-9-33(52)82-50-46(85-51-45(40(71)37(68)27(19-61)80-51)84-49-43(74)39(70)36(67)26(18-60)79-49)44(83-48-42(73)38(69)35(66)25(17-59)78-48)28(21-76-50)81-47-41(72)34(65)24(63)20-75-47/h22,24-51,59-61,63-74H,7-21,23H2,1-6H3/t24-,25-,26-,27-,28+,29?,30-,31+,32-,33+,34+,35-,36-,37-,38+,39+,40+,41-,42-,43-,44+,45-,46-,47+,48-,49-,50+,51+,53-,54+,55-,56+,57?,58?/m1/s1
Chemical Name	(2R,4S,5R,10S,13R,14R,18S,20R)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde
Synonyms	SAPONIN; NSC 104795; NSC-135029; BRN 0078682;
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Glycosides possessing a unique foaming property are called saponins. Saponins are made up of an ether bond to a sugar side chain and a polycyclic aglycone, which can be either a triterpenoid or a choline steroid connected via C3. The nonpolar sapogenin and the water soluble side chain work together to give a saponin its foaming properties.Because saponins are bitter, they make animal feed less palatable. While some saponins are not very harmful, others cause nonruminant animals to consume less feed and grow more slowly. For instance, the saponins in spinach and oats help the body absorb calcium and silicon more quickly, which aids in digestion. Some pasture weeds are extremely toxic to some animal species and contain significant amounts of hazardous saponins[1].
ln Vivo
Animal Protocol
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics	Toxicity Data LCLo (rat) = 250 mg/m3/4hr
References	Arch Pharm (Weinheim).1995 Oct;328(10):720-4.
Additional Infomation	Saponin has been reported in Streptomyces, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Saponaria officinalis with data available. A type of glycoside widely distributed in plants. Each consists of a sapogenin as the aglycone moiety, and a sugar. The sapogenin may be a steroid or a triterpene and the sugar may be glucose, galactose, a pentose, or a methylpentose. See also: Cyclamin (annotation moved to).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)	Ethanol : ~100 mg/mL H2O : ~33.33 mg/mL
Solubility (In Vivo)	Solubility in Formulation 1: 6.25 mg/mL (Infinity mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication (<60°C). Solubility in Formulation 2: PBS: 6.25 mg/mL (Infinity mM)  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	0.8175 mL	4.0873 mL	8.1746 mL
	5 mM	0.1635 mL	0.8175 mL	1.6349 mL
	10 mM	0.0817 mL	0.4087 mL	0.8175 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.