Resomelagon (AP1189) acetate is an orally bioavailable agonist of melanocortin receptors (MR)such as MC1 and MC3. Resomelagon acetate induces ERK1/2 phosphorylation and Ca2+ flux. Resomelagon acetate exhibits anti-inflammatory effect. Resomelagon acetate may be utilized in obesity and chronic inflammation research.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C16H18N6O4
Molecular Weight	358.351922512054
Exact Mass	358.138
CAS #	1809420-72-1
Related CAS #	Resomelagon;1809420-71-0
PubChem CID	163358504
Appearance	Yellow to brown solid powder
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Heavy Atom Count	26
Complexity	498
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	CC(=O)O.C1=CC=C(C(=C1)N2C=CC=C2/C=C/C=N/N=C(N)N)[N+](=O)[O-]
InChi Key	FIESOFUABUPMMH-WAJHRQJSSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C14H14N6O2.C2H4O2/c15-14(16)18-17-9-3-5-11-6-4-10-19(11)12-7-1-2-8-13(12)20(21)22;1-2(3)4/h1-10H,(H4,15,16,18);1H3,(H,3,4)/b5-3+,17-9+;
Chemical Name	acetic acid;2-[(E)-[(E)-3-[1-(2-nitrophenyl)pyrrol-2-yl]prop-2-enylidene]amino]guanidine
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	Targrt: MC1 and MC3[1]
ln Vitro	Through ERK1/2 phosphorylation and Ca2+ mobilization, resomelagon acetate (0-1000 μM; 8 minutes; HEK293A cells) increases melanocortin signaling [1]. Resomelagon acetate (1 nM; 30 min; peritoneal macrophages) suppresses exocytosis and TNF-α release and possesses anti-inflammatory properties [1].
ln Vivo	In male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and BALB/c mice, resomelagon acetate (0–10 mg/kg; i.p., i.v., p.o.; 24 hours) facilitates the clearance of acute inflammation in the body [1]. Mice's arthritis is reduced by resomelagon acetate (oral; 25–50 mg/kg; once daily for 8 days; male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and BALB/c mice) [1].
References	[1]. Biased agonism as a novel strategy to harness the proresolving properties of melanocortin receptors without eliciting melanogenic effects. J Immunol. 2015 Apr 1;194(7):3381-8. [2]. WHO Drug Information. International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.7906 mL	13.9528 mL	27.9057 mL
	5 mM	0.5581 mL	2.7906 mL	5.5811 mL
	10 mM	0.2791 mL	1.3953 mL	2.7906 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.