Rennin, also known as Chymosin, is a pepsin-related proteolytic enzyme synthesized by cells in the stomachs of certain animals that effectively converts liquid milk into a semi-solid, allowing it to remain in the stomach longer. The natural substrate of Rennin is K-casein, which is specifically cleaved at the peptide bond between amino acid (AA) residues 105 and 106, phenylalanine and methionine, and can be extensively used in cheese production.

Physicochemical Properties

Exact Mass	154.026
CAS #	9001-98-3
PubChem CID	34231
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Density	1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	513.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	225-227℃
Flash Point	226.8±23.6 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±3.0 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.603
LogP	-0.75
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	9
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	15
Rotatable Bond Count	6
Heavy Atom Count	48
Complexity	1060
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	3
SMILES	O1C([C@H](COC([C@H](COC([C@H](C1)NC(C1C=CC=C(C=1O)O)=O)=O)NC(C1C=CC=C(C=1O)O)=O)=O)NC(C1C=CC=C(C=1O)O)=O)=O
InChi Key	SERBHKJMVBATSJ-BZSNNMDCSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C30H27N3O15/c34-19-7-1-4-13(22(19)37)25(40)31-16-10-46-29(44)18(33-27(42)15-6-3-9-21(36)24(15)39)12-48-30(45)17(11-47-28(16)43)32-26(41)14-5-2-8-20(35)23(14)38/h1-9,16-18,34-39H,10-12H2,(H,31,40)(H,32,41)(H,33,42)/t16-,17-,18-/m0/s1
Chemical Name	N-[(3S,7S,11S)-7,11-bis[(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)amino]-2,6,10-trioxo-1,5,9-trioxacyclododec-3-yl]-2,3-dihydroxybenzamide
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	This substance can be used for emulsion coagulation and is obtained from plant separation. The coagulation time is directly correlated with the amount of chymosin added. The coagulation time increases with the amount added. Molecular weight: 36 KDa; pH range: effective pH range 5-8, optimal pH value 6.1-6.2; Inhibitors: Fe3+, Cu2+, Hg+, Pb+; solvent: water; Temperature range: effective temperature range 35-95°C, optimal temperature range 35-37°C.
References	[1]. Dill J. Functional implications of the three-dimensional structure of bovine chymosin. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1991;306:23-37.
Additional Infomation	Enterobactin is a macrotriolide produced by certain members of Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. Escherichia coli and Salmonella. It has a role as a bacterial metabolite and a siderophore. It is a crown compound, a member of catechols, a polyphenol and a macrotriolide. It is a conjugate acid of an enterobactin(6-) and an enterobactin(1-). Enterochelin is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Enterobactin has been reported in Streptomyces wadayamensis, Bos taurus, and Streptomyces albidoflavus with data available. An iron-binding cyclic trimer of 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoyl-L-serine. It is produced by E COLI and other enteric bacteria.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)