Propamocarb is a systemic fungicide. Propamocarb is extensively used to protect cucumbers, tomatoes and other plants from pathogens.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C9H20N2O2
Molecular Weight	188.27
Exact Mass	188.152
CAS #	24579-73-5
Related CAS #	Propamocarb-d7;1398065-89-8
PubChem CID	32490
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
Density	1.0±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	264.0±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	45-55ºC
Flash Point	113.4±27.9 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.456
LogP	1.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	7
Heavy Atom Count	13
Complexity	138
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	CCCOC(NCCCN(C)C)=O
InChi Key	WZZLDXDUQPOXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C9H20N2O2/c1-4-8-13-9(12)10-6-5-7-11(2)3/h4-8H2,1-3H3,(H,10,12)
Chemical Name	propyl N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbamate
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ADME/Pharmacokinetics	Absorption, Distribution and Excretion After a single oral dose of 0.5 mg/kg b.w. of (14)C-propamocarb hydrochloride, female rats excreted approximately 90% of the administered radioactivity within 24 hours of dosing via the urine (87%), feces (2.5%) and expired air (<0.3%). Similar rapid elimination of (14)C-propamocarb hydrochloride by female rats was also observed following oral administration of 0.5 mg (14)C-propamocarb hydrochloride/kg b.w./day for 21 days. During the 21-day dosing period, an average of 83% and 3.2% of the daily administered dose was recovered respectively in the urine and the feces. At sacrifice, 24 hours after acute or subacute oral dosing, total (14)C residues detected in the 19 tissues analyzed including, among others liver, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, adipose tissue, skin and skeletal muscle (but excluding the alimentary tract) accounted for 1.7% of the single dose and approximately 0.3% of the total dose given over a 21 day dosing period (equivalent to approximately 7% of the last daily dose). Female rats with "Acute biliary - and urethra fistula" treated with a single intraduodenal dose of 0.5 mg/kg b.w. of (14)C-propamocarb hydrochloride eliminated 81% of the administered radio-activity in the urine as early as six hours after dosing. By 24 hours post- administration, a total of 92% of the (14)C was recovered in the urine as compared to only 1.8% in the bile /Propamocarb hydrochloride/ Metabolism / Metabolites The carbamates are hydrolyzed enzymatically by the liver; degradation products are excreted by the kidneys and the liver. (L793)
References	[1]. Xin Liu , et al. Differential Responses of Larval Zebrafish to the Fungicide Propamocarb: Endpoints at Development, Locomotor Behavior and Oxidative Stress. Sci Total Environ. 2020 Aug 20;731:139136.
Additional Infomation	Propamocarb is a carbamate ester that is the propyl ester of 3-(dimethylamino)propylcarbamic acid. It is a systemic fungicide, used (normally as the hydrochloride salt) for the control of soil, root and leaf diseases caused by oomycetes, particularly Phytophthora and Pythium species. It has a role as a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical. It is a carbamate ester, a tertiary amino compound and a carbamate fungicide. It is functionally related to a propan-1-ol. Propamocarb is a carbamate pesticide. Carbamate pesticides are derived from carbamic acid and kill insects in a similar fashion as organophosphate insecticides. They are widely used in homes, gardens and agriculture. The first carbamate, carbaryl, was introduced in 1956 and more of it has been used throughout the world than all other carbamates combined. Because of carbaryl's relatively low mammalian oral and dermal toxicity and broad control spectrum, it has had wide use in lawn and garden settings. Most of the carbamates are extremely toxic to Hymenoptera, and precautions must be taken to avoid exposure to foraging bees or parasitic wasps. Some of the carbamates are translocated within plants, making them an effective systemic treatment. (L795)

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	5.3115 mL	26.5576 mL	53.1152 mL
	5 mM	1.0623 mL	5.3115 mL	10.6230 mL
	10 mM	0.5312 mL	2.6558 mL	5.3115 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.