Proanthocyanidin A1 is a proanthocyanidin dimer that can inhibit degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+ influx from internal stores in RBL-213 cells. Proanthocyanidin A1 has anti-allergy effects.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C30H24O12
Molecular Weight	576.5044
Exact Mass	576.127
CAS #	103883-03-0
Related CAS #	Cyanidin Chloride;528-58-5;Procyanidin B1;20315-25-7;Procyanidin B2;29106-49-8;Procyanidin C1;37064-30-5;Procyanidin A2;41743-41-3;Procyanidin B3;23567-23-9
PubChem CID	9872976
Appearance	White to off-white solid powder
Melting Point	300 °C
LogP	2.793
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	9
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	12
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	42
Complexity	986
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	5
SMILES	C1[C@@H]([C@H](OC2=C1C(=CC3=C2[C@@H]4[C@H]([C@](O3)(OC5=CC(=CC(=C45)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)C7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O)O
InChi Key	NSEWTSAADLNHNH-TXZJYACMSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C30H24O12/c31-13-7-20(37)24-22(8-13)41-30(12-2-4-16(33)19(36)6-12)29(39)26(24)25-23(42-30)10-17(34)14-9-21(38)27(40-28(14)25)11-1-3-15(32)18(35)5-11/h1-8,10,21,26-27,29,31-39H,9H2/t21-,26+,27+,29+,30-/m0/s1
Chemical Name	(1R,5R,6S,13S,21R)-5,13-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15,17,19-hexaene-6,9,17,19,21-pentol
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vivo	Ovalbumin-immunized mice's serum levels of IgE and IgG1 are inhibited by proanthocyanidin A1 [2].
References	[1]. Effects of peanut-skin procyanidin A1 on degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2011;75(9):1644-8. [2]. Aqueous extract of peanut skin and its main constituent procyanidin A1 suppress serum IgE and IgG1 levels in mice-immunized with ovalbumin. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007 May;30(5):922-7.
Additional Infomation	Proanthocyanidin A1 is a flavonoid oligomer. Proanthocyanidin A1 has been reported in Pavetta owariensis, Hypericum perforatum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Procyanidin A1 (annotation moved to).

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~173.46 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	1.7346 mL	8.6730 mL	17.3461 mL
	5 mM	0.3469 mL	1.7346 mL	3.4692 mL
	10 mM	0.1735 mL	0.8673 mL	1.7346 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.