Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) is an orally bioactive Curcumin analog that induces apoptotic signaling through multiple mechanisms, such as inhibition of COX-2 and VEGF. Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) inhibits NF-κB activation.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C23H24O3
Molecular Weight	348.434866905212
Exact Mass	348.172
CAS #	27060-70-4
PubChem CID	10760152
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow solid powder
LogP	5.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	3
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	26
Complexity	516
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O=C1/C(=C/C2C=C(C)C(=C(C)C=2)O)/CC/C/1=C\C1C=C(C)C(=C(C)C=1)O
InChi Key	OHSKJRMWVIVJCP-AYKLPDECSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C23H24O3/c1-13-7-17(8-14(2)21(13)24)11-19-5-6-20(23(19)26)12-18-9-15(3)22(25)16(4)10-18/h7-12,24-25H,5-6H2,1-4H3/b19-11+,20-12+
Chemical Name	(2E,5E)-2,5-bis[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylidene]cyclopentan-1-one
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1, 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, and 20 µM) increases 5-FU's cytotoxic action on WiDr cells[1]. Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 µM) triggers G2/M arrest and exhibits varying effects on cell cycle progression[1].
ln Vivo	In the PDX model, pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1, po, 20 mg/kg) shows strong anti-tumor effectiveness without apparent toxicity[1].
Cell Assay	Cell Viability Assay[1]. Cell Types: Human colon carcinoma WiDr. Tested Concentrations: 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, and 20 µM. Incubation Duration: 6, 12, 24, and 48 hrs (hours). Experimental Results: Dramatically enhanced the cytotoxicity of 5 -FU on WiDr cells at various concentrations during 6, 12, 24, and 48 h incubation. Cell Cycle Analysis[1]. Cell Types: WiDr cells. Tested Concentrations: 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 µM. Incubation Duration: 24 h. Experimental Results: The non-treated WiDr cells demonstrated cell accumulation in G1, S, and G2/M phase about 50.85%, 36.11% and 13.04%, respectively.
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: Human cancer cells in a xenograf mouse model[2]. Doses: 20mg/kg. Route of Administration: PO every 2 days for 20 days. Experimental Results: demonstrated little decrease in body weight, nor a decrease in white and red blood cell counts in peripheral blood, nor any other effects in behavior and macroscopic appearance. Thus, PGV-1 was sufciently potent to suppress tumor formation in vivo, but demonstrated little or no obvious adverse effects on the normal lineage of cells.
References	[1]. Curcumin Analog Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) Sensitizes Widr Cells to 5-Fluorouracil Through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018 Jan 27;19(1):49-56. [2]. Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) Inhibits ROS Metabolic Enzymes and Suppresses Tumor Cell Growth by Inducing M Phase (Prometaphase) Arrest and Cell Senescence. Sci Rep . 2019 Oct 16;9(1):14867.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (143.50 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.08 mg/mL (5.97 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.08 mg/mL (5.97 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.8700 mL	14.3501 mL	28.7002 mL
	5 mM	0.5740 mL	2.8700 mL	5.7400 mL
	10 mM	0.2870 mL	1.4350 mL	2.8700 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.