Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C16H11N3 |
| Molecular Weight | 245.2786 |
| Exact Mass | 245.095 |
| CAS # | 57046-73-8 |
| PubChem CID | 12248889 |
| Appearance | Light yellow to yellow solid powder |
| Density | 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 |
| Boiling Point | 470.1±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 149.2±12.5 °C |
| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C |
| Index of Refraction | 1.739 |
| LogP | 3.17 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 2 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 2 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 19 |
| Complexity | 392 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| SMILES | C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)/C(=C/C3=CN=CC=C3)/C#N |
| InChi Key | YMYYQRZCCKBFBE-MDWZMJQESA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C16H11N3/c17-9-13(8-12-4-3-7-18-10-12)15-11-19-16-6-2-1-5-14(15)16/h1-8,10-11,19H/b13-8+ |
| Chemical Name | (Z)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3-pyridin-3-ylprop-2-enenitrile |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | Paprotrain has been tested against a panel of CNS kinases. While inert against CDK5 and GSK3 (IC50 >10 μM), it has moderate action against DYRK1A (IC50=5.5 μM) [1]. Time-lapse microscopy revealed that pabroterin disrupted MKlp2 expression, resulting in polar body extrusion failure. This can be recovered by removing oocytes from pabrolin in fresh culture medium. According to cell cycle analysis, the majority of oocytes were arrested in metaphase I or telophase I. However, even after paprotrain suppresses MKlp2, the oocyte spindle structure and chromosomal organization remain intact [2]. The nuclear maturation of porcine oocytes treated with Paprotrain failed. After inhibiting KIF20A activity, the number of oocytes halted in the early MI stage rose in a dose-dependent manner, while the percentage of oocytes reaching the ATI and MII stages dropped [3]. |
| References |
[1]. Further investigation of Paprotrain: Towards the conception of selective and multi-targeted CNS kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Nov 29;124:920-934. [2]. MKlp2 inhibitor paprotrain affects polar body extrusion during mouse oocyte maturation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2013 Dec 21;11:117. [3]. KIF20A regulates porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo development. [4]. Relocation of Aurora B and survivin from centromeres to the central spindle impaired by a kinesin-specific MKLP-2 inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010 Oct 25;49(44):8228-31. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~407.70 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.19 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0770 mL | 20.3849 mL | 40.7697 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8154 mL | 4.0770 mL | 8.1539 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4077 mL | 2.0385 mL | 4.0770 mL |