Opipramol (Ensidon) is an atypical tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Opipramol is primarily used as a sigma (σ) receptor agonist and can effectively interact with the sigma recognition site with a Ki of 50 nM. Opipramol may be utilized in the research of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C23H29N3O
Molecular Weight	363.50
Exact Mass	363.231
CAS #	315-72-0
Related CAS #	Opipramol-d4;1215716-70-3
PubChem CID	9417
Appearance	Light yellow to yellow solid powder
Density	1.129 g/cm3
Boiling Point	555.1ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	100-101ºC
Flash Point	290.5ºC
Index of Refraction	1.6500 (estimate)
LogP	3.249
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	6
Heavy Atom Count	27
Complexity	448
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	OCCN1CCN(CCCN2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC3=CC=CC=C23)CC1
InChi Key	YNZFUWZUGRBMHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C23H29N3O/c27-19-18-25-16-14-24(15-17-25)12-5-13-26-22-8-3-1-6-20(22)10-11-21-7-2-4-9-23(21)26/h1-4,6-11,27H,5,12-19H2
Chemical Name	2-[4-(3-benzo[b][1]benzazepin-11-ylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanol
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

Targets	Ki: 50 nM (σ receptor); IC50: 5.5 μM ([3H] DA)[1].
ln Vitro	With a Ki value of 50 nM, opipramol can interact with sigma recognition sites potently[1]. With an IC50 value of 5.5 μM, optramoxazole decreases the absorption of [3H] DA in crude synaptosomal preparations[1].
ln Vivo	In vivo dopamine release is increased by opiapramol (ip; 5–50 mg/kg)[2].
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats (male, 150-l 80 g)[2] Doses: 5-50 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injections Experimental Results: Increased the levels of DOPAC and HVA in the striatum of the rat, without changing the steady-state levels of DA. Potently increased the metabolism of dopamine in the striatum, olfactory tubercle and pyriform cortex of the rat. Increased plasma prolactin in the rat, only at a dose as large as 50 mg/kg dose.
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics	Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation Opipramol is not approved for marketing in the United States, but is available overseas. No information is available on the clinical use of opipramol during breastfeeding. Amounts in breastmilk appear to be low and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. However, the analytic technique used in the paper would not meet modern standards. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
References	[1]. H J Möller, et al. Opipramol for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled trial including an alprazolam-treated group. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001 Feb;21(1):59-65. [2]. T S Rao, et al. Neurochemical characterization of dopaminergic effects of opipramol, a potent sigma receptor ligand, in vivo. Neuropharmacology. 1990 Dec;29(12):1191-7.
Additional Infomation	2-[4-[3-(11-benzo[b][1]benzazepinyl)propyl]-1-piperazinyl]ethanol is a dibenzoazepine. Opipramol has been used in trials studying the treatment of Dementia, Depression, Schizophrenia, Anxiety Disorders, and Psychosomatic Disorders. A tricyclic antidepressant with actions similar to AMITRIPTYLINE.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 100 mg/mL (275.10 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.88 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.7510 mL	13.7552 mL	27.5103 mL
	5 mM	0.5502 mL	2.7510 mL	5.5021 mL
	10 mM	0.2751 mL	1.3755 mL	2.7510 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.