Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C25H47NO4 |
| Molecular Weight | 425.64 |
| Exact Mass | 425.351 |
| CAS # | 38677-66-6 |
| PubChem CID | 46907933 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| LogP | 4.781 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 4 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 20 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 30 |
| Complexity | 463 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 1 |
| SMILES | CCCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@H](CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C |
| InChi Key | IPOLTUVFXFHAHI-WHIOSMTNSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C25H47NO4/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-25(29)30-23(21-24(27)28)22-26(2,3)4/h12-13,23H,5-11,14-22H2,1-4H3/b13-12-/t23-/m1/s1 |
| Chemical Name | (3R)-3-[(Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | Human Endogenous Metabolite |
| ln Vitro | In the Dih10 cells with stable CPT2 knock down, oleoylcarnitine (AC18:1) (5, 25, 50 µM; 24, 48 hours) concentration increases significantly[1]. By activating STAT3, oleoylcarnitine (5 µM, 24 hours) gives cancer cells stem cell characteristics, which directly contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis[1]. |
| ln Vivo | Mice's HCC tissues induced by obesity have a notable accumulation of oleoylcarnitine (AC18:1)[1]. |
| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[1] Cell Types: Dih 10 cells, HCC cells Tested Concentrations: 5, 25, 50 µM Incubation Duration: 24, 48 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Enhanced the self-renewal of HCC cells through STAT3 activation. Contributed directly to hepatocarcinogenesis. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: MUP-uPA and PIK3CA Tg mice[1]. Doses: Route of Administration: High-fat diet (HFD) for mice Experimental Results: Accumulated in HCC tissues and in the serum of HFD-fed mice. |
| References |
[1]. CPT2 downregulation adapts HCC to lipid-rich environment and promotes carcinogenesis via acylcarnitine accumulation in obesity. Gut. 2018 Aug;67(8):1493-1504. |
| Additional Infomation |
(R)-oleoylcarnitine is an O-acyl-L-carnitine in which the acyl group is specified as oleoyl. It has a role as a human metabolite and a glycine transporter 2 inhibitor. It is functionally related to an oleic acid. oleoyl-L-carnitine has been reported in Homo sapiens with data available. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | DMSO: 100 mg/mL (234.94 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3494 mL | 11.7470 mL | 23.4940 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4699 mL | 2.3494 mL | 4.6988 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2349 mL | 1.1747 mL | 2.3494 mL |