Olanexidine is an antibacterial agent. Olanexidine has antimicrobial property against a variety of bacteria such as Gram-positive (Gram+) and Gram-negative (Gram+) bacteria. Olanexidine is also a preservative. Olanexidine may be utilized in the research of infection and inflammation.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C17H27CL2N5
Molecular Weight	372.34
Exact Mass	371.164
CAS #	146510-36-3
Related CAS #	Olanexidine hydrochloride;146509-94-6;Olanexidine hydrochloride semihydrate;218282-71-4
PubChem CID	636391
Appearance	Typically exists as solid at room temperature
Density	1.22g/cm3
Boiling Point	503.3ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point	258.2ºC
Vapour Pressure	2.96E-10mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.576
LogP	5.864
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	2
Rotatable Bond Count	11
Heavy Atom Count	24
Complexity	400
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	ClC1=C(Cl)C=CC(CNC(N(CCCCCCCC)C(=N)N)=N)=C1
InChi Key	ZZQMUJGZCZTLQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C17H27Cl2N5/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-10-22-16(20)24-17(21)23-12-13-8-9-14(18)15(19)11-13/h8-9,11H,2-7,10,12H2,1H3,(H5,20,21,22,23,24)
Chemical Name	1-[N'-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]carbamimidoyl]-2-octylguanidine
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	Olanexidine (50 μM, 48 h) demonstrates broad-spectrum bactericidal action against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive cocci[1]. In oral mucosal cells, olanexidine (50 μg/mL, 24 h) suppresses chronic inflammatory reactions[2]. Olanexidine (Olanexidine gluconate, 0–15000 μg/mL) promotes the aggregation of virus-like particles and prevents them from attaching to the human norovirus binding receptor[3].
ln Vivo	When administered topically to the skin of male cynomolgus monkeys, olanexidine (1–2% in saline) is effective against either resident or transitory bacterial flora[4].
Cell Assay	Cell Viability Assay[1] Cell Types: Gram-positive cocci, Enterococcus spp., Gram-positive bacilli, Gram-negative strains Tested Concentrations: 0-1 mg/mL approximately Incubation Duration: 30 s Experimental Results: Inhibited bacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 6.8 to 1740 μg/mL approximately.
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: Male cynomolgus monkeys[4] Doses: 1 %, 1.5%, 2% in saline Route of Administration: Applied to the skin Experimental Results: demonstrated the fast-acting and long-lasting bactericidal effects at 1.5% concentration.
References	[1]. Bactericidal Effects and Mechanism of Action of Olanexidine Gluconate, a New Antiseptic. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Aug;59(8):4551-9. [2]. Nii T, Yumoto H, Hirota K, Miyake Y. Anti-inflammatory effects of olanexidine gluconate on oral epithelial cells. BMC Oral Health. 2019 Nov 8;19(1):239. [3]. Disinfection efficacy and mechanism of olanexidine gluconate against norovirus. Am J Infect Control. 2022 Jul;50(7):764-771. [4]. Effects of olanexidine gluconate on preoperative skin preparation: an experimental study in cynomolgus monkeys. J Med Microbiol. 2017 May;66(5):678-685.
Additional Infomation	Olanexidine is a dichlorobenzene.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Solubility (In Vivo)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	2.6857 mL	13.4286 mL	26.8572 mL
	5 mM	0.5371 mL	2.6857 mL	5.3714 mL
	10 mM	0.2686 mL	1.3429 mL	2.6857 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.