Nucleozin is a novel potent antivirus agent that targets influenza A nucleoprotein (NP), which is a multifunctional, RNA-binding protein necessary for virus replication. Nucleozin is effective in fighting H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 flu virus strains by inducing the formation of NP aggregates and antagonizing its nuclear accumulation, leading to cessation of viral replication. As influenza viruses have developed resistance towards current drugs, new inhibitors that prevent viral replication through different inhibitory mechanisms (e.g. targeting the influenza A nucleoprotein) are useful.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C21H19N4O4CL |
| Molecular Weight | 426.85296 |
| Exact Mass | 426.109 |
| Elemental Analysis | C, 59.09; H, 4.49; Cl, 8.30; N, 13.13; O, 14.99 |
| CAS # | 341001-38-5 |
| PubChem CID | 2863945 |
| Appearance | Light yellow to yellow solid powder |
| Density | 1.371 |
| Boiling Point | 673.8ºC at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 361.3ºC |
| Index of Refraction | 1.631 |
| LogP | 4.7 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 3 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 30 |
| Complexity | 619 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| SMILES | CC1=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)=NO1)C(N3CCN(C4=C(C=C(C=C4)[N+]([O-])=O)Cl)CC3)=O |
| InChi Key | OWXBJAPOSQSWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C21H19ClN4O4/c1-14-19(20(23-30-14)15-5-3-2-4-6-15)21(27)25-11-9-24(10-12-25)18-8-7-16(26(28)29)13-17(18)22/h2-8,13H,9-12H2,1H3 |
| Chemical Name | 1-(2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-4-[(5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl)carbonyl]-piperazine |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | Nucleozin impedes the infection of influenza A/WSN/33, H3N2, and Vietnam/1194/04 (H5N1) in MDCK cells, with EC50 values of 0.069 μM, 0.16 μM, and 0.33 μM in the plaque reduction assay (PRA), correspondingly. In multicycle growth assays, nucleozin completely inhibits virus production at 1 μM and severely suppresses viral growth at 0.1 μM. |
| ln Vivo | Mice exposed to fatal doses of avian influenza A H5N1 are shielded by nucleozin[1]. |
| References |
[1]. Nat Biotechnol. 2010;28(6):600-605. [2]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2010 Nov 9;107(45):19151-6. [3]. Anal Chem.2012 Aug 7;84(15):6391-9. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | DMSO : 15~20 mg/mL ( 35.14~46.85 mM） |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.69 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2 mg/mL (4.69 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: font color= ‘FF0000’>10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween-80+45% Saline: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.69 mM) (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3427 mL | 11.7137 mL | 23.4274 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4685 mL | 2.3427 mL | 4.6855 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2343 mL | 1.1714 mL | 2.3427 mL |