Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C15H20N2O11 |
| Exact Mass | 404.11 |
| CAS # | 2415657-86-0 |
| Related CAS # | Nicotinamide riboside chloride;23111-00-4;Nicotinamide riboside;1341-23-7;Nicotinamide riboside malate;2415659-01-5 |
| PubChem CID | 146673020 |
| Appearance | Typically exists as solid at room temperature |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 7 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 11 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 5 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 28 |
| Complexity | 460 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 6 |
| SMILES | C1=CC(=C[N+](=C1)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)C(=O)N.[C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)(C(=O)O)O |
| InChi Key | TXLSDIXNZRLFCH-ZRDCEPLESA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C11H14N2O5.C4H6O6/c12-10(17)6-2-1-3-13(4-6)11-9(16)8(15)7(5-14)18-11;5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-4,7-9,11,14-16H,5H2,(H-,12,17);1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8) |
| Chemical Name | 1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyridin-1-ium-3-carboxamide;(2R,3R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate |
| Synonyms | Nicotinamide riboside tartrate |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| Targets | Human Endogenous Metabolite; SIRT3; SIRT1 |
| ln Vitro |
Nicotinamide riboside tartrate (0.5 nM; 24 hours) decreases Ndufa9 and SOD2's acetylation status[1]. Nicotinamide riboside tartrate increases the intracellular and mitochondrial NAD+ content in C2C12, Hepa1.6, and HEK293 cells in a concentration-dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 1-1000 μM[1]. Nicotinamide riboside tartrate increases NAD to support innate immunity against coronaviruses (CoVs), the source of COVID-19, by restoring antiviral poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) functions[3]. |
| ln Vivo | Chronic Nicotinamide riboside tartrate (p.o.; 400 mg/kg/day; for 16 weeks) supplementation raises plasma and intracellular NAD+ content in a tissue-specific manner[1]. |
| Cell Assay |
Cell Line: HEK293T cells Concentration: 0.5 nM Incubation Time: 24 hours Result: Reduced the acetylation status of Ndufa9 and SOD2. |
| Animal Protocol |
10-week-old C57Bl/6J mice 400 mg/kg PO; daily; for 16 weeks |
| References |
[1]. The NAD(+) precursor nicotinamide riboside enhances oxidative metabolism and protectsagainst high-fat diet-induced obesity. Cell Metab. 2012 Jun 6;15(6):838-47. [2]. Nicotinamide Riboside Restores Cognition Through an Upregulation of Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Coactivator 1α Regulated β-Secretase 1 Degradation and Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Alzheimer's Mouse Models. Neurobiol Aging. 2013 Jun;34(6):1581-8. [3]. Coronavirus and PARP Expression Dysregulate the NAD Metabolome: A Potentially Actionable Component of Innate Immunity. bioRxiv. 2020 Apr 30;2020.04.17.047480. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |