Description: Nemonoxacin (formerly TG873870; TG-873870) is novel quinolone antibiotic with a broad-spectrum activity against strains such as Gram+, Gram- and atypical pathogens, including drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Physicochemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C20H25N3O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 371.4302 |
| Exact Mass | 371.185 |
| CAS # | 378746-64-6 |
| Related CAS # | Nemonoxacin malate;951163-60-3;Nemonoxacin-d3;Nemonoxacin-d3-1;Nemonoxacin-d4 |
| PubChem CID | 11993740 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid powder |
| LogP | 2.982 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 7 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 4 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 27 |
| Complexity | 647 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 2 |
| SMILES | C[C@H]1C[C@@H](CN(C1)C2=C(C3=C(C=C2)C(=O)C(=CN3C4CC4)C(=O)O)OC)N |
| InChi Key | AVPQPGFLVZTJOR-RYUDHWBXSA-N |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C20H25N3O4/c1-11-7-12(21)9-22(8-11)16-6-5-14-17(19(16)27-2)23(13-3-4-13)10-15(18(14)24)20(25)26/h5-6,10-13H,3-4,7-9,21H2,1-2H3,(H,25,26)/t11-,12-/m0/s1 |
| Chemical Name | 7-[(3S,5S)-3-amino-5-methylpiperidin-1-yl]-1-cyclopropyl-8-methoxy-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid |
| HS Tariff Code | 2934.99.9001 |
| Storage |
Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition | Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs) |
Biological Activity
| ln Vitro | Nemonoxacin has strong antibacterial action in vitro (0–5.51 µM; 24 hours) [1]. |
| ln Vivo | Nemonoxacin (oral; 15 minutes and 6 hours after infection) has been demonstrated to be effective against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus capitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) and broad-spectrum in vivo activity. Escherichia coli) isolation [2]. Nemonoxacin (oral; 6, 12, and 24 hours post-infection) has been proven to be efficacious against (2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg) Streptococcus pneumoniae 0613 (PRSP) and (10, 20, 40, 80 mg/kg) K Activity. Pneumonia 0607 infected mouse lung infection model [2]. |
| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[1] Cell Types: MSSA, MRSA Tested Concentrations: 0-5.51 µM (0-2048 µg/mL) Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Inhibition of MSSA and MRSA with MIC90 values of 0.12 and 4 µg/mL. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: CD-1 ICR mouse (18-22 grams; mouse systemic infection model) [2]. Doses: 1.6-4.0 mg/kg (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus capitis infection), 2.4-10.0 mg/kg (Streptococcus pneumoniae infection), 5.0-22.6 mg/kg (Enterococcus faecalis infection), 1.6-10.0 mg/kg kg (E. coli infection) Route of Administration: Oral; 15 minutes and 6 hrs (hrs (hours)) post-infection Experimental Results: Against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MSSA), Staphylococcus aureus 0705 (MRSA) and Staphylococcus capitis 0687 ( The ED50 of levofloxacin-resistant MRSC) were 2.08, 2.59 and 2.52 mg/kg, respectively. Animal/Disease Models: CD-1 ICR mouse (18-22 grams; mouse lung infection model) [2]. Doses: 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg (Streptococcus pneumoniae 0613 (PRSP)); 10, 20, 40, 80 mg/kg (Klebsiella pneumoniae 0607) Route of Administration: Oral; 6, 12 after infection and 24-hour Experimental Results: significant reduction in body colony count. |
| References |
[1]. In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Nov;53(11):4915-20. [2]. In vivo antibacterial activity of nemonoxacin, a novel non-fluorinated quinolone. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Nov;65(11):2411-5. [3]. Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Mar;54(3):1338-42. |
| Additional Infomation |
Nemonoxacin is a member of quinolines. Drug Indication Investigated for use/treatment in bacterial infection and pneumonia. |
Solubility Data
| Solubility (In Vitro) | DMSO : ~2 mg/mL (~5.38 mM) |
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples. Injection Formulations (e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] *Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil) Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Oral Formulations Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.6923 mL | 13.4615 mL | 26.9230 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5385 mL | 2.6923 mL | 5.3846 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2692 mL | 1.3461 mL | 2.6923 mL |