N'-Phenylacetohydrazide consists of a phenyl group attached to an acetohydrazine functional group via a hydrazine bond. This compound is extensively used as a reagent in organic chemistry for the determination of carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C8H10N2O
Molecular Weight	150.18
Exact Mass	150.079
CAS #	114-83-0
PubChem CID	8247
Appearance	Hexagonal prisms
Density	1.143g/cm3
Boiling Point	214.1ºC at 760mmHg
Melting Point	128-131 °C(lit.)
Vapour Pressure	1E-06mmHg at 25°C
LogP	1.613
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	2
Rotatable Bond Count	2
Heavy Atom Count	11
Complexity	130
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
SMILES	O=C(C([H])([H])[H])N([H])N([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H]
InChi Key	UICBCXONCUFSOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C8H10N2O/c1-7(11)9-10-8-5-3-2-4-6-8/h2-6,10H,1H3,(H,9,11)
Chemical Name	N'-phenylacetohydrazide
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	N'-Phenylacetohydrazide is a biochemical reagent that can be utilized in research pertaining to life sciences as an organic compound or biological material.
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics	Interactions Xylitol was investigated for its ability to ameliorate hemolytic anemia induced by acetylphenylhydrazine in rabbits. Animal experiments were performed using two different concentrations of xylitol, a 5% and a 10% solution with a total dose of 2 g/kg bw and infusion rates of 10 mg and 20 mg xylitol/kg bw/min respectively. Two doses of acetylphenylhydrazine (APH), 5 and 10 mg/kg, were injected ip as hemolytic inducers in different groups of rabbits. All the rabbits infused with xylitol showed significantly less acute APH-induced hemolysis. The isotonic 5% xylitol solution was found to maintain and restore the hematological parameters (packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and reticulocyte counts) better than the 10% xylitol solution. Increased 51CR-red cell survival confirmed the beneficial effect of xylitol. The survival of erythrocytes as represented by chromium-labeling in rabbits infused with 5% xylitol after treatment with 10 mg/kg APH increased from about 33% (the survival of red cells in rabbits injected with APH alone) to 67% of normal rabbits' red cell survival. Erythrocytes in APH-treated animals took up xylitol more readily than erythrocytes from control animals. One millimolar ascorbic acid and alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine significantly (p<0.005) protected against RBC Heinz body formation during incubation with acetylphenylhydrazine, while cysteine, cysteamine, and methionine did not. The effect of ascorbic acid was concentration dependent with concentrations as low as 0.1 mM having significant antioxidant effects. The effect of pteroyl glutamate (PGA) on the distribution of folates during hemolysis induced by acetyl-phenylhydrazine (APH) was investigated. One group of rabbits received daily APH injections, 1 mL of a 2.5% solution/kg; another group received 3 injections each of 10 mg PGA in addition to APH. Blood samples were collected for blood count and folate activity determinations. Animals were killed on day 8, and bone marrow and liver were analyzed for folate activity by 3 different bioassays. Packed red blood cells were incubated with radio labeled PGA to measure uptake. As reticulocytosis due to APH increased to 87% on day 7, there was a gradual rise in red blood cell folate activity. Serum folate activities were normal, liver activities were somewhat depressed, and bone marrow folate activity was elevated compared to untreated controls. When rabbits were treated with PGA as well, folate activity was 2-5 fold higher, and its rise more pronounced in 2 of 3 bioassays, but not when determined with Pediococcus-cerevisiae. Similar results were seen when serum folate activity was measured. All 3 bioassays showed an increase in folate with APH and PGA compared to APH alone, while with liver folate there was significant difference between the two control groups. The mean uptake of labeled PGA by packed red blood cells was 2.7% of folates present in the incubation when rabbits were treated with APH alone, and 0.72% when they were given both APH and PGA. /It was concluded/ that while the hemolytic stimulus brings about a substantial transfer of folates from the bone marrow, the hemopoietic tissue can utilize more folate when additional amounts are made available by parenteral administration of PGA. The reaction of oxyhemoglobin and acetylphenylhydrazine, which results in hemoglobin denaturation and precipitation, was found to be influenced by H202 and superoxide (O2-.) generated during the reaction. By analysing the different hemoglobin oxidation products, it was found that by influencing the rate at which oxyhemoglobin was oxidized, H2O2 accelerated the overall hemoglobin breakdown, and O2-. inhibited it. By adding GSH (reduced glutathione) or ascorbate, it was possible to slow down the rates of both oxyhemoglobin oxidation and O2-. production, and the overall rate of hemoglobin breakdown. These results are compatible with a mechanism involving production of the acetylphenylhydrazyl free radical, and with GSH, ascorbate and O2-. acting as radical scavengers and preventing its further reactions. The reaction produced choleglobin, as well as acetylphenyldiazine and methemoglobin, which combined to form a hemichrome. The hemichrome was less stable and precipitated first. It was also less stable than the hemichrome formed by direct reaction of acetylphenyldiazine with methemoglobin, and it is proposed that this is because the methemoglobin produced from oxyhemoglobin and acetylphenylhydrazine was modified by the free radicals and H2O2 produced in the reaction. Non-Human Toxicity Values LD50 Mouse oral 270 mg/kg
Additional Infomation	1-acetyl-2-phenylhydrazide appears as colorless prisms or white solid. (NTP, 1992) APH is a member of phenylhydrazines. Therapeutic Uses /Former use:/ Treatment of polycythemia.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

Ethanol: 100 mg/mL (665.87 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.65 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.65 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.65 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	6.6587 mL	33.2934 mL	66.5868 mL
	5 mM	1.3317 mL	6.6587 mL	13.3174 mL
	10 mM	0.6659 mL	3.3293 mL	6.6587 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.