Moracin C is a phenolic compound extracted from Artocarpusheterophyllus. Moracin C inhibits lipopolysaccharide-activated inflammatory response in murine Raw264.7 macrophages. Moracin C has been shown to have inhibitory activity on lipoxygenase, TNF-α, and interleukin-1β secretion, as well as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 expression.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C19H18O4
Molecular Weight	310.349
Exact Mass	310.12
Elemental Analysis	C, 73.53; H, 5.85; O, 20.62
CAS #	69120-06-5
PubChem CID	155248
Appearance	Off-white to light yellow solid powder
Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	439.4±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	198 - 199 °C
Flash Point	219.6±25.9 °C
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.664
LogP	4.46
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	4
Rotatable Bond Count	3
Heavy Atom Count	23
Complexity	419
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
InChi Key	ZTGHWUWBQNCCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code	InChI=1S/C19H18O4/c1-11(2)3-6-15-16(21)7-13(8-17(15)22)18-9-12-4-5-14(20)10-19(12)23-18/h3-5,7-10,20-22H,6H2,1-2H3
Chemical Name	1,3-Benzenediol, 5-(6-hydroxy-2-benzofuranyl)-2-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-
Synonyms	Moracin C;
HS Tariff Code	2934.99.9001
Storage	Powder-20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.
Shipping Condition	Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Biological Activity

ln Vitro	The release of LPS-activated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) from RAW264.7 cells is inhibited by moracin C (1-50 μM, 24 hours) [1]. Moracin C inhibits RAW264 at 1–50 μM for 2 hours. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF) in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells 7 cells The mRNA and protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 are inhibited by moracin C (1-50 μM, 2 h) [1]. The phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells is inhibited by moracin C (1-50 μM, 2 hours) [1]. Creation of
ln Vivo	Moracin C (100 mg/kg, gavage, mice) is rapidly and well absorbed within the body, and is widely distributed in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys and liver [2].
Cell Assay	RT-PCR[1] Cell Types: RAW -α)[1]. 264.7 Macrophage Tested Concentrations: 1, 10, 25, 50 μM Incubation Duration: 2 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression. Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Types: RAW 264.7 Macrophage Tested Concentrations: 1, 10, 25, 50 μM Incubation Duration: 2 h Experimental Results: Inhibited LPS-induced TLR4 expression and NF-κB activation. Levels of phosphorylated p38, ERK and JNK were diminished.
Animal Protocol	Animal/Disease Models: Mouse (PK Assay) [2] Doses: 100 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (oral gavage) Experimental Results: pharmacokinetic/PK/PK characteristics of Moracin C. Parameters Terminal half-life (min) Cmax (μg/mL) Tmax (min) CLR (mL/min/kg) 100 mg/kg 256 1.79 15 0.032
References	[1]. Moracin C, A Phenolic Compound Isolated from Artocarpus heterophyllus, Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Inflammatory Responses in Murine Raw264.7 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Jul 25;17(8):1199. [2]. Pharmacokinetic Properties of Moracin C in Mice. Planta Med. 2021 Jul;87(8):642-651.
Additional Infomation	Moracin C is a member of benzofurans. Moracin C has been reported in Morus cathayana, Morus wittiorum, and other organisms with data available.

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~805.57 mM)

Solubility (In Vivo)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	3.2222 mL	16.1108 mL	32.2217 mL
	5 mM	0.6444 mL	3.2222 mL	6.4443 mL
	10 mM	0.3222 mL	1.6111 mL	3.2222 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.